номер 3, страница 92 - гдз по английскому языку 6 класс учебник Эванс, Дули

DID you KNOW?

The Empire State Building is struck by lightning 100 times a year

6.4.7.1 Read the text and answer the questions.

1. Why couldn't people build really tall buildings in the past?

2. When could people start building skyscrapers?

3. How did the invention of the elevator change the history of buildings?

4. Why did people want to build skyscrapers in cities?

5. Why are tall buildings called 'skyscrapers'?

6. How fast did the Empire State Building grow?

7. What can you find in the Triumph of Astana in Kazakhstan?

b) 6.4.6.1 THINK! Say or write three things that impressed you from the text. What is the author's purpose?

Buildings above the clouds

VIDEO

Big buildings are nothing new. The ancient Egyptians built the Pyramids. The Italians built tall towers in the Middle Ages. The French built huge cathedrals. However, it was difficult to build very tall buildings because the bricks were not strong enough. Then, in 1852, Elisha Otis invented the elevator and in the 1880s engineers developed a new building technique using steel. It was now possible to build tall buildings with strong steel without worrying how to get to the top.

In big cities such as Chicago and New York that needed living space for families, and offices for businesses, skyscrapers were the perfect solution. Some very brave men worked on these buildings as it was a dangerous job. Imagine walking along narrow beams hundreds of feet above the ground! For this reason, Mohawk Indians from Canada and ex-sailors did most of the work as they were not scared of heights. In fact, the word 'skyscraper' comes from the name sailors gave to the tallest mast on a ship. In 1885, the world's first skyscraper, a ten-storey office building, opened in Chicago. Between 1930 and 1931, the Empire State Building grew almost one floor higher every day. The 3,400 men who worked on it finished it in 14 months.

These days, skyscrapers decorate every city skyline, and each year taller and taller buildings appear all over the world. At present, the world's tallest building is the Burj Khalifa, in the United Arab Emirates. With over 1,200 stores, this building is a city in itself. Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, also has its share of skyscrapers. The Triumph of Astana is one of the most impressive. It was finished in 2006 and it has 39 floors, with shops, offices, apartments and a hotel.

Who knows what's next. The sky is the limit!

*1. foot = 30,48 cm.

a) Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.

1. Почему в прошлом люди не могли строить очень высокие здания?

2. Когда люди смогли начать строить небоскребы?

3. Как изобретение лифта изменило историю зданий?

4. Почему люди хотели строить небоскребы в городах?

5. Почему высокие здания называют «небоскребами»?

6. Как быстро росло здание Эмпайр-стейт-билдинг?

7. Что можно найти в комплексе «Триумф Астаны» в Казахстане?

Ответ:

1. People couldn't build really tall buildings in the past because the bricks were not strong enough. / В прошлом люди не могли строить очень высокие здания, потому что кирпичи были недостаточно прочными.

2. People could start building skyscrapers in the 1880s when engineers developed a new building technique using steel. / Люди смогли начать строить небоскребы в 1880-х годах, когда инженеры разработали новую технологию строительства с использованием стали.

3. The invention of the elevator made it possible to build tall buildings without worrying about how to get to the top. / Изобретение лифта позволило строить высокие здания, не беспокоясь о том, как добраться наверх.

4. People wanted to build skyscrapers in big cities because they needed living space for families and offices for businesses. / Люди хотели строить небоскребы в больших городах, потому что им требовалось жилое пространство для семей и офисы для бизнеса.

5. Tall buildings are called 'skyscrapers' because the word comes from the name sailors gave to the tallest mast on a ship. / Высокие здания называют «небоскребами», потому что это слово произошло от названия, которое моряки давали самой высокой мачте на корабле.

6. The Empire State Building grew almost one floor higher every day. / Здание Эмпайр-стейт-билдинг росло почти на один этаж выше каждый день.

7. In the Triumph of Astana you can find shops, offices, apartments and a hotel. / В комплексе «Триумф Астаны» можно найти магазины, офисы, квартиры и отель.

b) Назовите или напишите три вещи, которые произвели на вас впечатление из текста. Какова цель автора?

Ответ:

Three things that impressed me are: that Mohawk Indians and ex-sailors built skyscrapers because they were not scared of heights, that the word 'skyscraper' comes from the name of a ship's mast, and that the Empire State Building gets struck by lightning 100 times a year. / Три вещи, которые произвели на меня впечатление: то, что индейцы-могавки и бывшие моряки строили небоскребы, потому что не боялись высоты; то, что слово «небоскреб» происходит от названия мачты корабля; и то, что в Эмпайр-стейт-билдинг молния ударяет 100 раз в год.

The author's purpose is to inform the reader about the history of skyscrapers, how they became possible to build, and to share some interesting facts about famous tall buildings. / Цель автора — проинформировать читателя об истории небоскребов, о том, как стало возможным их строительство, и поделиться некоторыми интересными фактами о знаменитых высоких зданиях.