номер 3, страница 96 - гдз по английскому языку 6 класс учебник Goldstein, Jones

3 Read the text again and answer the questions.

1 Where does the word 'per cent' come from?

2 Who first used the numbers 0-9?

3 Why do we use percentages?

4 What percentage is 'the whole' equal to?

5 What is the whole in the example with cakes?

6 What do we multiply the fraction by to get the final percentage?

PERCENTAGES

The word 'per cent' comes from Roman times. It comes from the Latin words per centum or 'out of 100'. Before the Romans, the ancient Egyptians used a similar system of numbers in tens. But the numbers from 0 to 9 that we use today come from the ancient Arab world, over 2,000 years ago. The Arabs also used fractions, for example, ¹/₄. We use percentages to calculate how much a part of a whole is. And when we say 'per cent', we're really saying 'out of 100'.

50% OF THIS BOX IS BLUE (50 OUT OF 100)

When we calculate a percentage of something, first we need to know the total number of things, or 'the whole'. The whole is 100%. For example, there are 12 cakes on a table. In this calculation, 12 is the whole and is 100%.

25% OF THIS BOX IS PINK (25 OUT OF 100)

Next, we need to know the number we want to change to a percentage. For example, Tanya eats three of the cakes on the table so three is the number we want to change to a percentage.

We put these two numbers into a fraction. In our example, we need to calculate what per cent three (number of cakes Tanya ate) is of twelve (total number of cakes). The fraction is 3/12. 3 ÷ 12 = 0.25.

Finally, we multiply this number by 100 to make a percentage. 0.25 x 100 = 25.

So Tanya ate 25% of the cakes.

Find out about our number system.

2 3

1 4 5 6

7 8 9 Discovery EDUCATION

8.4 What does Zero mean?

1. Откуда произошло слово «процент»?

2. Кто первым использовал числа 0-9?

3. Почему мы используем проценты?

4. Какому проценту равно «целое»?

5. Что является целым в примере с тортами?

6. На что мы умножаем дробь, чтобы получить итоговый процент?

Ответ:

1. The word 'per cent' comes from the Latin words per centum. / Слово «процент» происходит от латинских слов per centum.

2. The numbers from 0 to 9 were first used by the ancient Arabs. / Числа от 0 до 9 впервые были использованы древними арабами.

3. We use percentages to calculate how much a part of a whole is. / Мы используем проценты, чтобы вычислить, какую часть составляет что-либо от целого.

4. 'The whole' is equal to 100%. / «Целое» равно 100%.

5. The whole in the example with cakes is 12 cakes. / Целое в примере с тортами - это 12 тортов.

6. We multiply the fraction by 100 to get the final percentage. / Мы умножаем дробь на 100, чтобы получить итоговый процент.