Номер 1, страница 24 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс рабочая тетрадь Комарова, Ларионова

Reading

1 Read the article about technology in sports. For questions 1–14, choose a sport (A–D).

In which sport(s) ...

can people get hurt? 1

have designers created something totally new? 2

have technological advances made it less enjoyable? 3

did something change because it wasn’t working properly? 4

has the size of something changed? 5

does a new development help change body shape? 6

was there suddenly a new winner? 7

did design changes decrease the sportsperson’s capabilities? 8

have people done better than ever before? 9 10

do organizers want to reduce the effects of new technology? 11

did people disagree with a design change? 12 13

does what you wear make a difference? 14

Technology:

doing good or bad?

We think of technological advancement as something positive, but is this always the case? Has technology made sport better? Are competitors faster and better or is it just their equipment?

A

Before appearing for his first race in the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Michael Phelps had put on his Speedo LZR swimsuit. The LZR is a full body swimsuit with a difference. It is made of a technologically advanced material which is extremely strong but light. The swimsuit has no stitches – the fabric is literally ‘melted’ together so that it is seamless and slides through the water more smoothly. This wonder fabric is also strong enough to hold the swimmer’s body in the ideal swimming position for longer. A body in the LZR is faster, stronger and more streamlined and nothing can slow it down. Michael Phelps had already proved his strength as a great swimmer in the Athens Olympics of 2004 when he had been wearing the Speedo Fastskin FSII. But in 2008 swimmers wearing the LZR broke world records that had existed for six years by up to eight seconds. Now judges are debating the negative effects that the swimsuit has had on the sport.

B

By 1984 new technologies had made the javelin so streamlined that a stadium was no longer big enough for the sport. The javelin also often landed flat on the ground instead of its point burying in the ground. In order to solve the problem, the design of the javelin changed. The centre of gravity in the javelin moved four centimetres forward. This reduced the flight of the javelin by ten per cent and ensured that the front of the javelin tipped downwards earlier. Theoretically, this change had made the sport safer, but in 2007 French long jumper Salim Sdiri was hit by a flying javelin. They just keep getting faster.

C

The tennis racket has improved in the last 30 years. It changed from wood to metal, then to a graphite composite material. By the early 90s, the width of the racket head had increased and so had the length. Overall the racket had become lighter, yet stronger. However, tennis fans claimed that these changes had improved power and control, but they hadn’t forced players to improve skill. The game had become faster, but not nearly as exciting to watch. Complaints from fans that the sport was becoming boring forced the International Tennis Federation to think about ways of reversing the advances technology had made. In 1995, Wimbledon started using deadened balls in order to slow down the game. But the rackets kept getting better, and now the ITF is considering the use of balls with a slightly greater diameter on grass courts to slow the game.

D

The New York Yacht Club had won the America’s Cup for sailing every year since 1851, until 1983 when Australia II challenged the cup with a new innovative yacht design. Australia II was the first 12 metre yacht to have a winged keel under its body. The new keel design gave the yacht speed, strength and flexibility in difficult weather conditions. Although the Americans questioned whether the new design was legal, the keel was allowed. The new yacht’s design had changed the America’s Cup, and Australia won, but what had made the win possible – the sailors’ skill or their fantastic boat?

1 могут ли люди получить травмы?

Ответ:

B (Javelin) - In javelin, people can get hurt if hit by a flying javelin, as happened to Salim Sdiri in 2007.

B (Метание копья) - В метании копья люди могут получить травмы, если их ударит летящее копьё, как это случилось с Салимом Сдири в 2007 году.