номер 1, страница 26 - гдз по английскому языку 7 класс учебник Эванс, Дули

1 7.18 The Industrial Revolution was a very important period of history which changed the way people lived and worked. Listen and read to find out how things changed.

Check these words

• industrial • spread • by hand

• twist thread • make cloth

• power • factory • coal • steam

• coal mining industry

• overcrowded housing • mine

• working conditions • wages

• improve • better standard of living

VIDEO

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century and soon spread to Western Europe and the USA. New machines could make things much faster than before, when people worked by hand. In 1764, James Hargreaves invented the 'spinning jenny' to twist thread for making cloth. But the most important invention was James Watt's steam engine, which he built during the 1760s. Engineers began using steam engines to power machines in factories and built the first steamboats and trains. These all needed coal to make steam, so the coal mining industry also grew quickly. More and more factories and coalmines appeared, turning small towns into big cities as people moved there to work. By 1850, half of the English population lived in cities, in poor, overcrowded housing. Men, women and even children worked in factories or mines. Working conditions were hard and unhealthy, and wages were low. Conditions slowly improved, however, and the things factories produced gave people a better standard of living. One thing is certain though, the Industrial Revolution changed the world forever.

spinning jenny

steam engine

7.18 Послушайте и прочитайте, чтобы узнать, как все изменилось.

Ответ:

The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century. New machines, like the spinning jenny and the steam engine, made it possible to produce things much faster. (Промышленная революция началась в Англии в 18 веке. Новые машины, такие как прялка «Дженни» и паровой двигатель, позволили производить вещи намного быстрее.)

Factories and coal mines appeared, and small towns grew into big cities as people moved there for work. (Появились фабрики и угольные шахты, а маленькие города превратились в большие, так как люди переезжали туда на работу.)

By 1850, half of the English population lived in cities, often in poor, overcrowded housing. (К 1850 году половина населения Англии жила в городах, часто в бедном, перенаселенном жилье.)

Working conditions were hard and unhealthy, and wages were low for men, women, and even children. (Условия труда были тяжелыми и нездоровыми, а заработная плата была низкой для мужчин, женщин и даже детей.)

However, conditions slowly improved, and the things factories produced gave people a better standard of living. (Однако условия постепенно улучшались, и товары, производимые на фабриках, обеспечивали людям лучший уровень жизни.)

The Industrial Revolution changed the world forever. (Промышленная революция изменила мир навсегда.)