Номер 5, страница 159 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс (spotlight) учебник Афанасьева, Дули

Exam practice section. Reading - номер 5, страница 159.

Условие.

Reading Task 3

Preparing for the task

5 Read question 1 and the possible answers. Then, read the first paragraph of the text below, paying attention to the underlined words. What is the correct answer? How has the information been paraphrased? Are all the incorrect options referenced in some way in the text?

1 In the past, people were told that they ought to

1 never eat eggs.

2 always eat a lot of yoghurt.

3 avoid using vegetable oil.

4 try to eat low-fat dairy products.

Read the text and complete tasks 1-7. In each task write number 1, 2, 3 or 4 in an answer box if it corresponds with the answer you have chosen.

Mixed Food Messages

It's no wonder that so many people are confused about what it is or isn't healthy to eat when so much of the information given over recent years has been both confusing and contradictory. For years, we were warned that animal fats and dairy produce should only be consumed in small amounts because they were full of cholesterol and could lead to heart disease. So, people started cooking with vegetable oil, spreading margarine on their bread and eating eggs only occasionally. We were also warned of the dangers of fat in our food. That's why milk, yoghurt, cheese and other such products were made with low levels of fat, in the quest to keep people healthy. they won't gain weight eating it. Surprisingly, eating smaller amounts of full-fat food may help weight loss as people feel fuller for longer when eating full-fat foods.

Now, it turns out that what causes people to have high levels of cholesterol is much more complicated than previously thought. For one thing, the body doesn't convert the cholesterol in dairy and animal fats into cholesterol in the body in the way that scientists once believed. In fact, it seems that the cholesterol in food is just as likely to be good cholesterol that helps prevent bad cholesterol from developing in the body. Not only were people wrong to give up butter and eggs, they may have done their health active harm by using margarine and vegetable oil as replacements for animal fats. This is because margarine uses hydrolysed oils; oils that have gone through a special chemical process so that they can help make margarine thicker and harder. A high number of scientists believe that vegetable oils, especially when hydrolysed, are much worse for human health than animal fats. Another problem caused by having so much conflicting information about food is that it can lead to people having an unnatural relationship with food, encouraging them to be fussy about the food they eat. In recent years, there has been a tendency for people to mistake food allergies for food intolerance. Although food allergies are real and can even be life-threatening, food intolerance is much rarer and is often imagined. For instance, many people believe they are intolerant to gluten, which has led to the availability of gluten-free bread and other gluten-free products in supermarkets, yet only a very small proportion of people are actually gluten intolerant.

Many nutritionists also believe that the promotion of low-fat products such as milk, yoghurt and cheese has helped to drive the obesity crisis. They claim that people eat more food in the belief that it's healthier as it's low fat food and The health advice about how much fruit and vegetables people should eat has also led to another food fad. In an effort to get the required minimum of five different fruit and vegetables a day, many people are putting a lot of fruit and vegetables together into blenders or juicer machines in order to turn their daily vegetable intake into an easy to digest liquid form. This may seem like a healthy solution but destroys much of the fibre, vitamins and other nutrients in the fresh produce.

The best thing people could do to improve their health and relationship with food is to get back to home cooking with their families and having meals together around the table. Good home cooked food is always going to be healthier than anything produced in a packet or blended to a pulp in a machine. And not only would this time spent with family improve physical health but it would boost mental health too.

2 Nowadays, it is thought that

1 cholesterol in food might not be unhealthy.

2 it's impossible to understand cholesterol.

3 animal fats don't contain cholesterol.

4 our bodies cannot convert cholesterol.

3 Some scientists claim that

1 margarine is healthier than butter.

2 it's a good idea to avoid butter.

3 animal fats are better than some vegetable fats.

4 human health has got much worse in recent years.

4 Why do some people think low-fat foods contribute to obesity?

1 The food industry promotes them too much.

2 They can encourage people to eat more.

3 They make people feel too full.

4 They are not really very low in fat.

5 The author says that food allergies

1 can be fatal some times.

2 are something people imagine.

3 are the same thing as food intolerance.

4 make people not want to eat gluten.

6 Blending fruit and vegetables to a pulp

1 increases their vitamin content.

2 is dangerous to human health.

3 can reduce their nutritional value.

4 makes food difficult to digest.

7 What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

1 People no longer know how to cook properly anymore.

2 Families don't usually eat together nowadays.

3 No one should ever eat packet food.

4 Eating home-cooked food with family is important.

Решение 1.

Решение 2.