номер 3, страница 36 - гдз по английскому языку 7 класс (spotlight) тренировочные упражнения в формате огэ (гиа) Ваулина, Подоляко

3. Read the text and choose the right options to complete the sentences.

English Children in the Past

Things changed little for children during the 18th century. Children from poor families had to work as soon as they were able. When they were not working children played simple games. Discipline was very strict.

For many children in the early 19th century things grew worse! The industrial revolution created many jobs and needed child labour (труд). When children worked in textile factories they often worked for more than 12 hours a day. In 1833 the Parliament passed a law that didn't allow children under 9 to work in textile factories. It said that children aged 9 to 13 must not work for more than 12 hours a day or 48 hours a week. It also said that children aged 13 to 18 must not work for more than 69 hours a week. Nobody under 18 was allowed to work at night (from 8.30 pm to 5.30 am). Children aged 9 to 13 had 2 hours of education a day. Conditions in coalmines were also terrible. Even children at the age of 5 worked underground. In 1842 a law didn't allow children under 10 and women to work underground. In the 19th century boys had to climb up chimneys to clean them. This barbaric practice was ended by the law in 1875. Gradually the law protected children more and more. In the early 19th century the churches provided schools for poor children. From 1833 the government provided them with grants. There were also schools for girls. Usually women, who ran such schools, taught girls a little reading, writing, arithmetic, music and sewing. In 1880 school became compulsory for 5 to 10 year olds. Middle class boys went to grammar schools. Discipline in 19th century schools was very strict. Beating children was normal.

1. In the 18th century children who were ____ had to work.
a) naughty b) strong c) not rich

2. In the 19th century life became ____ for children.
a) easier b) more difficult c) more interesting

3. Industrial revolution created ____.
a) new toys b) jobs for children c) different fun activities

4. At the beginning of the 19th century children ____ because there was no law.
a) had to work long hours
b) had no right to work
c) worked only with their parents

5. The Parliamentary law of 1833 didn't allow children and teenagers ____.
a) to work in textile factories
b) to work at night
c) to get education

6. The law changed the working hours for smaller children to ____ a week.
a) 12 b) 48 c) 13

7. The worst conditions were in ____.
a) the textile factories
b) the mines
c) rich people's houses

8. The most dangerous work was ____.
a) underground
b) in factories
c) to climb chimneys

3. Read the text and choose the right options to complete the sentences.

English Children in the Past

Things changed little for children during the 18th century in England. Children from poor families had to work as soon as they were able. When they were not working children played simple games. Discipline was very strict.

For many children in the early 19th century things grew worse! The industrial revolution created many jobs and needed child labour (труд). When children worked in textile factories they often worked for more than 12 hours a day. In 1833 the Parliament passed a law that didn't allow children under 9 to work in textile factories. It said that children aged 9 to 13 must not work for more than 12 hours a day or 48 hours a week. It also said that children aged 13 to 18 must not work for more than 69 hours a week. Nobody under 18 was allowed to work at night (from 8.30 pm to 5.30 am). Children aged 9 to 13 had 2 hours of education a day. Conditions in coalmines were also terrible. Even children at the age of 5 worked underground. In 1842 a law didn't allow children under 10 and women to work underground. In the 19th century boys had to climb up chimneys to clean them. This barbaric practice was ended by the law in 1875. Gradually the law protected children more and more. In the early 19th century the churches provided schools for poor children. From 1833 the government provided them with grants. There were also schools for girls. Usually women, who ran such schools, taught girls a little reading, writing, arithmetic, music and sewing. In 1880 school became compulsory for 5 to 10 year olds. Middle class boys went to grammar schools. Discipline in 19th century schools was very strict. Beating children was normal.

1. In the 18th century children who were____had to work.

a) naughty

b) strong

c) not rich

2. In the 19th century life became____for children.

a) easier

b) more difficult

c) more interesting

3. Industrial revolution created____.

a) new toys

b) jobs for children

c) different fun activities

4. At the beginning of the 19th century children____because there was no law.

a) had to work long hours

b) had no right to work

c) worked only with their parents

5. The Parliamentary law of 1833 didn't allow children and teenagers____.

a) to work in textile factories

b) to work at night

c) to get education

6. The law changed the working hours for smaller children to____a week.

a) 12

b) 48

c) 13

7. The worst conditions were in____.

a) the textile factories

b) the mines

c) rich people's houses

8. The most dangerous work was____.

a) underground

b) in factories

c) to climb chimneys

Упражнение 3, страница 36

Прочитайте текст и выберите правильные варианты завершения предложений.

English Children in the Past

Things changed little for children during the 18th century in England. Children from poor families had to work as soon as they were able. When they were not working children played simple games. Discipline was very strict.
В XVIII веке в Англии ситуация с детьми мало изменилась. Детям из бедных семей приходилось работать, как только они могли. Когда они не работали, дети играли в простые игры. Дисциплина была очень строгой.

For many children in the early 19th century things grew worse!
Для многих детей в начале 19 века дела становились все хуже!

The industrial revolution created many jobs and needed child labour (труд). When children worked in textile factories they often worked for more than 12 hours a day. In 1833 the Parliament passed a law that didn't allow children under 9 to work in textile factories. It said that children aged 9 to 13 must not work for more than 12 hours a day or 48 hours a week. It also said that children aged 13 to 18 must not work for more than 69 hours a week. Nobody under 18 was allowed to work at night (from 8.30 pm to 5.30 am). Children aged 9 to 13 had 2 hours of education a day. Conditions in coalmines were also terrible. Even children at the age of 5 worked underground. In 1842 a law didn't allow children under 10 and women to work underground. In the 19th century boys had to climb up chimneys to clean them. This barbaric practice was ended by the law in 1875. Gradually the law protected children more and more. In the early 19th century the churches provided schools for poor children. From 1833 the government provided them with grants. There were also schools for girls. Usually women, who ran such schools, taught girls a little reading, writing, arithmetic, music and sewing. In 1880 school became compulsory for 5 to 10 year olds. Middle class boys went to grammar schools. Discipline in 19th century schools was very strict. Beating children was normal.
Промышленная революция создала много рабочих мест и потребовала детского труда. Когда дети работали на текстильных фабриках, они часто работали более 12 часов в день. В 1833 году парламент принял закон, запрещавший детям до 9 лет работать на текстильных фабриках. В нем говорилось, что дети в возрасте от 9 до 13 лет не должны работать более 12 часов в день или 48 часов в неделю. В нем также говорится, что дети в возрасте от 13 до 18 лет не должны работать более 69 часов в неделю. Никому младше 18 лет не разрешалось работать в ночное время (с 20.30 до 5.30 утра). Дети в возрасте от 9 до 13 лет занимались по 2 часа в день. Условия на угольных шахтах также были ужасными. Даже дети в возрасте 5 лет работали под землей. В 1842 году закон не разрешал детям до 10 лет и женщинам работать под землей. В 19 веке мальчикам приходилось лазить по дымоходам, чтобы их почистить. Эта варварская практика была прекращена законом в 1875 году. Постепенно закон все больше и больше защищал детей. В начале 19 века церкви предоставляли школы для детей из бедных семей. С 1833 г. правительство предоставляло им стипендии. Были также школы для девочек. Обычно женщины, руководившие такими школами, обучали девочек чтению, письму, арифметике, музыке и шитью. В 1880 году школа стала обязательной для детей от 5 до 10 лет. Мальчики среднего класса ходили в гимназии. Дисциплина в 19 веке школе было очень строгой. Избиение детей было нормальным явлением.

Перевод:

Английские дети в прошлом

1. In the 18th century children who were not rich had to work.
В 18 веке детям, которые не были богатыми, приходилось работать.
a) naughty - капризные;
b) strong - сильные;
c) not rich - небогатые;

2. In the 19th century life became for children more difficult.
В 19 веке жизнь для детей стала еще сложнее.
a) easier - легче
b) more difficult - сложнее
c) more interesting - более интересной.

3. Industrial revolution created jobs for children.
Промышленная революция создала рабочие места для детей.
a) new toys - новые игрушки
b) jobs for children - рабочие места для детей
c) different fun activities - разные веселые активности.

4. At the beginning of the 19th century children had to work long hours because there was no law.
В начале 19 века детям приходилось работать сверхурочно из-за отсутствия закона.
a) had to work long hours - приходилось долго работать
b) had no right to work - не имели права работать
c) worked only with their parents - работали только с родителями.

5. The Parliamentary law of 1833 didn't allow children and teenagers to work in textile factories.
Парламентский закон 1833 года не разрешал детям и подросткам работать на текстильных фабриках.
a) to work in textile factories - работать на текстильных фабриках
b) to work at night - работать ночью
c) to get education - получать образование

6. The law changed the working hours for smaller children to 12 a week.
Закон изменил рабочее время для детей младшего возраста до 12 часов в неделю.
a) 12
b) 48
c) 13

7. The worst conditions were in the mines.
Худшие события были на рудниках.
a) the textile factories - на текстильных фабриках
b) the mines - на рудниках
c) rich people's houses - в домах богатых людей.

8. The most dangerous work was underground.
Самая опасная работа была под землей.
a) underground - под землей
b) in factories - на заводах
c) to climb chimneys - лазить по дымоходам.

Прочитайте текст и выберите правильные варианты, чтобы дополнить предложения.

Ответ:

1. c) not rich / c) не богатые

2. b) more difficult / b) более трудным

3. b) jobs for children / b) рабочие места для детей

4. a) had to work long hours / a) приходилось работать по много часов

5. b) to work at night / b) работать ночью

6. b) 48 / b) 48

7. b) the mines / b) шахтах

8. c) to climb chimneys / c) лазать по дымоходам