Номер 16, страница 38, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 7 класс учебник Вербицкая, Гаярделли

Часть 2. Unit 12. Social issues - номер 16, страница 38.

Условие.

Reading

The RAP

Social issues
yesterday and today

16 Read the article and answer the following questions:
What is the topic of the article? What alternative title could you suggest?

By Rachel Wallace

Every historical period, every epoch has its own social problems. Today we are worried about air pollution and nuclear waste — no one worried about these a century ago. A century ago people were worried about the issues of massive poverty, food shortages and epidemics of dangerous diseases, illiteracy and … child labour. You may wonder what is meant by child labour — doing house chores? Babysitting to earn extra pocket money? Far from it! Child labour means children working the way the adults work, but at lower pay.

A few centuries ago child labour wasn’t considered a big problem. Children as young as 4–5 years used to work together with their parents to help them in agriculture, coal mining and other jobs. In colonial America child labour was an integral part of the agricultural economy. Children not only worked on the family farm, but also were often hired out to other farmers. Boys usually began working between ages 10 and 14.

In England children often worked long hours in dangerous factory conditions for very little money. Their size allowed them to move in small spaces in factories or mines where adults couldn’t fit. Children were easier to manage and control, and, perhaps most importantly, children were paid less than adults.

The children of the poor were forced to work by economic conditions. Charles Dickens, with his family in the debtor’s prison, had to work at the age of 12 for a blacking factory.

The Industrial Revolution at the end of the 18th century brought up the dispute over child labour. It was not until then that child labour came to be seen as a social problem. The rights of children and education became more important. However, it was only at the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th century when the laws protecting children appeared.

The minimal role of child labour today is one of the most important changes in the social and economic life of the US and Europe over the last two centuries.

Решение.

Решение 2.

16 Прочитайте статью и ответьте на следующие вопросы: Какова тема статьи? Какое альтернативное название вы могли бы предложить?

Ответ:

The topic of the article is child labour and its history. It describes how children worked in the past in agriculture and factories, and how this social issue has changed over time.

Тема статьи — детский труд и его история. Она описывает, как дети работали в прошлом в сельском хозяйстве и на фабриках, и как эта социальная проблема менялась с течением времени.

An alternative title could be "The History of Child Labour" or "Children at Work: Then and Now".

Альтернативным заголовком может быть «История детского труда» или «Дети на работе: тогда и сейчас».