Номер 2, страница 57 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

Unit 2. Steps to Understanding Culture. Step 2 - номер 2, страница 57.

Условие.

2 A. Read the text and say which facts after it are true, false or not stated in it.

The US is a young country. Its written history is only a few hundred years old. The country is, in fact, sometimes called the “New World”. The population of the United States is a mixture of many different nationalities with their diverse values, beliefs, customs and traditions. Thus, the Germans brought Christmas trees to America, the Irish brought St Patrick's Day celebrations. The Scots brought Halloween.

Americans as you see still celebrate the festivals of the Old World and are interested in old traditions, but they are good at making new traditions, too. Only Americans celebrate Thanksgiving, Memorial Day and the Fourth of July. High school homecomings happen only in the US, too. What do Americans do at these special times? Why do they do it? The text will help you to find some of the answers.

Presidents’ Day is celebrated in February, it is a public holiday. On this day pupils read about George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and other American presidents. George Washington, who was born on February 22nd, was the first President of the USA. He was also a brave soldier and a very honest man. He led the fight against the British during the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). A picture of Washington is on every one-dollar bill. He is often called “the father of his country”.

March 17th is St Patrick's Day. St Patrick was an Irish saint and St Patrick's Day is very popular in cities where there are many Irish Americans. Green is the Irish colour. That's why people often wear something green on this day. If you aren't wearing green, be careful — someone may pinch¹ you.

The last Monday of May is Memorial Day. It is a special day to remember those who died in wars. Many people remember their dead friends and relatives on this day too.

One Sunday in May is Mother's Day, and one Sunday in June is Father's Day. Children usually spend these days with their parents. They give them cards, flowers or gifts. Many businesses give presents to parents on these days.

Independence Day is a national holiday. On the fourth of July in 1776, the United States officially became independent from England. It was the beginning of a new nation. On this day families and friends celebrate this event, and every town and city has parades, games and sports competitions with prizes. There are picnics and barbecues ['ba:bikju:] and fireworks in the evening.

The idea of success is important to Americans. They believe that if they work hard they can have what they want and be what they want. This is part of what they call “the American Dream”. Perhaps this is why they do not take many vacations. There are only five national holidays that are celebrated in every state — New Year's Day, Independence Day, Labour Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas. There are other important public holidays, but they are not celebrated everywhere. Seven American states, for example, do not celebrate Columbus Day. And some special days are not public holidays at all.

1) American culture has a variety of sources
2) There are no traditions that we can call specifically American
3) Presidents’ Day has to do only with the first American President
4) The US capital has the name of the first American President

5) St Patrick’s Day is celebrated in Ireland
6) Independence Day is a birthday of the American nation
7) Nobody works on national holidays
8) Americans are believed to consider work an important part of their lives

B. Make an outline of the text above.

Решение.

Решение 2.

A. Прочитайте текст и скажите, какие факты после него являются правдой, ложью или не указаны в нем. B. Составьте план приведенного выше текста.

Ответ:

A.

1) True. The text states that the US population is a mixture of many nationalities, and gives examples of traditions brought by Germans, Irish, and Scots.

Правда. В тексте говорится, что население США представляет собой смесь многих национальностей, и приводятся примеры традиций, принесенных немцами, ирландцами и шотландцами.

2) False. The text mentions that "Only Americans celebrate Thanksgiving, Memorial Day and the Fourth of July."

Ложь. В тексте упоминается, что "Только американцы празднуют День благодарения, День поминовения и Четвертое июля".

3) False. The text says that on Presidents' Day, pupils read about "George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and other American presidents."

Ложь. В тексте говорится, что в День президентов школьники читают о "Джордже Вашингтоне, Аврааме Линкольне и других американских президентах".

4) Not stated. The text mentions George Washington was the first president, but does not mention the name of the US capital.

Не указано. В тексте упоминается, что Джордж Вашингтон был первым президентом, но название столицы США не упоминается.

5) Not stated. The text says that the Irish brought St Patrick’s Day celebrations to America, but it does not say if it is celebrated in Ireland.

Не указано. В тексте говорится, что ирландцы принесли празднование Дня Святого Патрика в Америку, но не говорится, празднуется ли он в Ирландии.

6) True. The text says that on July 4th, 1776, the US became independent and "It was the beginning of a new nation."

Правда. В тексте говорится, что 4 июля 1776 года США стали независимыми, и "Это было рождение новой нации".

7) Not stated. The text calls national holidays "public holidays", but does not state that absolutely nobody works on these days.

Не указано. В тексте национальные праздники называются "государственными праздниками", но не утверждается, что в эти дни абсолютно никто не работает.

8) True. The text states that Americans believe if they work hard, they can get what they want, which is part of the "American Dream."

Правда. В тексте говорится, что американцы верят: если усердно работать, можно получить то, что хочешь, и это является частью "Американской мечты".

B.

An outline of the text:

План текста:

1. The USA as a young, multicultural "New World".

США как молодой, многокультурный "Новый Свет".

2. A mix of old and new traditions.

Смесь старых и новых традиций.

3. Description of popular American holidays:

Описание популярных американских праздников:

a) Presidents' Day

День президентов

b) St. Patrick's Day

День Святого Патрика

c) Memorial Day

День поминовения

d) Mother's Day and Father's Day

День матери и День отца

e) Independence Day

День независимости

4. The importance of work and the "American Dream".

Важность труда и "Американская мечта".

5. Classification of holidays (national, state, etc.).

Классификация праздников (национальные, штатные и т.д.).