Номер 22, страница 178 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

Unit 5. Going to Places: The World of Travelling. Reading for Information: «First Rules for Travellers» - номер 22, страница 178.

Условие.

READING FOR INFORMATION

22

A. Read the text once and say when the travellers for whom these instructions were written lived. Explain your choice of the time period.

B. Say what information offered in the text was new to you. How could you estimate it?

Etiquette ['etiket] helps the wheels of life to turn smoothly and happily. It is especially important for travellers to know how to behave both in their own country and in foreign places.

A little knowledge enables one to give due consideration to others, to appear and to be at ease in all circumstances ['sɜːkəmˌstænsɪz], to say and to do the right thing at the right time.

Remember that the spirit of true courtesy ['kɜːtɪsɪ] does not find expression only on social occasions but in everyday affairs such as travelling in public vehicles and walking in the streets whether at home or overseas.

First Rules for Travellers

Money: Take one fourth more than your estimated expenses, and a good supply of small change.

Geography: Acquaint yourself with the geography of the route [rʌt] and region of travel.

Luggage: Arrange, if possible, to have only one piece of luggage to look after.

Dress: Better be too hot for two or three hours at noon than be cold for the rest of the twenty-four.

Time: Be at the place of starting fifteen minutes before time, thus allowing for unexpected detention by the way.

Breakfast: Do not begin a day's travel before breakfast, even if it has to be eaten at daybreak. Dinner or supper can be more easily ignored than a good breakfast.

Manners: Respect yourself by demonstrating the manners of a gentleman or lady, and then you will receive the respect of others.

Language: A good knowledge of the language of the country you are to visit is an immense help and will make the journey more agreeable.

Climate: No special considerations may be necessary when travelling to moderate climates or on short journeys, but for longer journeys and to tropical climates it is important to have tropical clothes as part of your hand luggage. The traveller's comfort depends on his dress being suitable to the climate he is in.

Packing: Always allow ample time for packing. See to it that every piece of luggage is properly labelled and that all labels previously used are removed. The principal point to remember in packing is to leave the things you are most likely to require, during the journey or on arrival, until last. If you carry a handbag, small portmanteau [pɔːtˈmæntəʊ] or holdall, they should be put in these.

Trains: This new mode of transport should not be feared. It is safer to ride on the railroad than to walk through the streets.

It is unwritten law that the passengers occupying the window seats facing the engine have "charge" of the windows. There is no reason why you would not ask one of the window seat passengers if he would object to a window being opened.

Make-up: It is not a correct thing to do to make up while travelling. Many girls prefer not to show too openly how much the rosy of their cheeks owes to art instead of nature. It's not right for young men to use a comb or nail file in public places.

Lost: If you are lost, use your watch. Point the hour to the sun and the south is exactly half way between the hour and the figure 12 on the watch. For instance, suppose it is 4 o'clock, point the hand indicating 4 to the sun and 2 on the watch will be exactly south.

Journal: Many experienced voyagers keep a journal while they are travelling. A well-kept journal acts as a remembrancer for years to come. Be sure to pack inks, nibs, blotters and note pads.

Решение.

Решение 2.

22 A. Прочитайте текст и скажите, когда жили путешественники, для которых были написаны эти инструкции. Объясните свой выбор временного периода.

Ответ:

These instructions were likely written for travellers in the late 19th or early 20th century. There are several clues in the text that point to this period. For example, trains are referred to as a "new mode of transport" that "should not be feared," which suggests a time when train travel was not yet commonplace. The advice to pack "inks, nibs, blotters and note pads" for keeping a journal indicates an era before ballpoint pens became widely available. Furthermore, the very formal tone and specific etiquette rules, such as those regarding make-up for women and the manners of a "gentleman or lady," are characteristic of the Victorian or Edwardian eras.

Эти инструкции, скорее всего, были написаны для путешественников конца XIX или начала XX века. В тексте есть несколько подсказок, указывающих на этот период. Например, поезда упоминаются как «новый вид транспорта», которого «не следует бояться», что предполагает время, когда путешествия на поезде еще не были обычным делом. Совет упаковать «чернила, перья, промокашки и блокноты» для ведения дневника указывает на эпоху до широкого распространения шариковых ручек. Кроме того, очень формальный тон и особые правила этикета, например, касающиеся макияжа для женщин и манер «джентльмена или леди», характерны для викторианской или эдвардианской эпох.

22 B. Скажите, какая информация, предложенная в тексте, была для вас новой. Как бы вы могли ее оценить?

Ответ:

For me, the most interesting new piece of information was the method of finding south using an analog watch. I had never heard of that trick before. Also, the rule that passengers facing the engine have "charge" of the windows was new to me. I could estimate that this information is very old because we don't use these methods today. For navigation, I would use a GPS on my phone, not a watch. And I've never heard of such rules on modern trains. The advice about packing ink and nibs also seems ancient, as I just use a regular pen or my phone for notes.

Для меня самой интересной новой информацией стал способ определения юга с помощью аналоговых часов. Я никогда раньше не слышал о таком трюке. Также для меня было новым правило, что пассажиры, сидящие лицом к локомотиву, «отвечают» за окна. Я могу предположить, что эта информация очень старая, потому что сегодня мы не используем такие методы. Для навигации я бы использовал GPS на телефоне, а не часы. И я никогда не слышал о подобных правилах в современных поездах. Совет упаковать чернила и перья тоже кажется древним, так как для заметок я просто использую обычную ручку или телефон.