Номер 1, страница 87, часть 1 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

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Puppets are as old as theater itself.

The first puppets probably appeared in India or Egypt. In these two countries, scientists have found puppets that were thousands of years old. In China and Japan, puppet showmen made figures of heroes, gods and animals who are characters in their legends and stories.

They enjoyed puppet shows in ancient Greece and ancient Rome, in Africa and America. In fact, nearly all nations had the tradition of puppet shows. In the Middle Ages, people in European cities and towns watched puppet shows in the streets and squares of their towns and cities. Puppet shows are probably popular because puppets are so much like people and because such shows always tell a story. Sometimes a story is quite serious. For example, they may show a play by Shakespeare in puppet theaters too. Great composers like Mozart and Haydn wrote special operas for puppets. Puppet theaters are a part of national cultural traditions in many countries.

One such example is the famous Punch and Judy show, which first appeared in Britain in the sixteenth century. Punch and Judy are husband and wife. A lot of funny things happen to them and audiences of grown-ups and children enjoy watching them. In Russia, the famous puppet is Petrushka. He looks much like his British brother Punch. The puppet appeared in Russia in the seventeenth century. This character is clever and brave and full of jokes. Things may happen to him, but in the end, he always wins.