Grammar, страница 59 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Комарова, Ларионова

Unit 4. Extreme. Language Guide - страница 59.

Условие.

Grammar

Present perfect: affirmative and negative

affirmative
I / You've (have)	run.
He / She / It's (has)
We / You / They've (have)
negative
I / You haven't (have not)	tried.
He / She / It hasn't (has not)
We / You / They haven't (have not)

One of the uses of the present perfect is to talk about experiences in the past, when we don’t mention the exact time.

In affirmative sentences the order is subject + have / has + past participle.
I’ve tried rock climbing.
He’s run a marathon.

In negative sentences the order is subject + have / has + not + past participle.
I haven’t tried rollerskating.
He hasn’t played in the school team.

The past participle of regular verbs is the same as the past simple of regular verbs – they end in -ed.
jump – jumped
play – played
miss – missed

The past participles of irregular verbs are all different and you have to learn them. See Irregular Verbs list, p159.

Present perfect with never

We often use never with the present perfect to talk about things we haven’t done or experienced in the past.
He’s never played in the school team.

We use has / have + never + past participle.
I’ve never tried rollerskating.
He’s never played in the school team.

Present perfect: questions and short answers

questions
Have I / you (ever) visited a cave?
Has he / she / it (ever) had an accident?
Have we / you / they / (ever) seen a ferry?
short answers
Yes, I / you / we / they have.
No, I / you / we / they haven’t.
Yes, he / she / it has.
No, he / she / it hasn’t.

We often use ever to ask questions about experiences in the past. The order is
Has / Have + subject + ever + past participle.
Have you ever tried snowboarding?
Has your teacher ever climbed a mountain?

Решение 1.

Решение 2.