номер 1, страница 85 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс (spotlight) тренировочные упражнения в формате огэ (гиа) Ваулина, Подоляко

1. Read the texts. Match the titles to the texts. One title is extra.

1. SAILING SCHOOLS

2. SCHOOLS ON THE MOVE

3. STUDENTS-RULED SCHOOL

4. FOREST KINDERGARTENS

5. CAVE SCHOOLS

6. THE UNDERGROUND SCHOOL

A. Who says you need walls to learn? Who needs a building at all? The new type of kindergartens, a concept popularised in Europe, are schools for 3–6 years olds that take place almost completely outdoors. Kids in regular kindergartens play on the monkey bars; kids in these kindergartens climb trees. Rain or shine, snow or rain, heat or cold, these kids are out exploring and interacting with their environment.

B. Terraset Elementary school was built in the mid-1970s, when the US was struck by the energy crisis. The country introduced energy saving mode, which was used for heating schools. The designers had a difficult task: the building below the surface of the ground was to be not only warm but also cool. This required new energy costs. The problem was solved with solar collectors. Today Terraset is not only the most energy-efficient school in the country, but also one of the major tourist attractions in the area.

C. School ALPHA, which opened its doors in 1972, is famous for disobedience. There are no evaluations, no strict schedule, and no homework. No one will punish you for writing with chalk on a blackboard. Pupils decide how to spend the school day and what activities to attend. Classes are formed not by age but by the students’ interests: along with Maths and spelling lessons students are provided by modeling, cooking and even basic philosophy. Another tradition is to hold meetings during which children as adults have the right to speak about the need for changes in the schedule of subjects and the system of school management.

D. In the past, the children of nomadic herders (скотоводы – кочевники) did not receive formal education or were forced to stay in boarding schools, and for months did not see their family. Today this problem is solved with the help of the nomadic schools. In Yakutia there are more than a dozen of such schools. One of these nomadic schools is “Keneleken”. In addition to the usual parking facilities there are school tents. Children are engaged in a special schedule. All schools for the children of reindeer herders in the national project have access to satellite Internet. After their homework or tests are checked the schoolchildren get the review.

E. Many children in rural areas of Bangladesh, particularly girls, do not have access to education. Due to tradition, boys are the first ones to be sent to school and girls can go to school only if the facility is not too far from home. Often, the nearest school is miles away. During the monsoon season many schools find themselves under water. Due to the climate change, the yearly floods have become worse and prolonged and children can now go for months without having classes. The solution was unusual, but simple and effective: if children can’t go to school, the school in the form of boats should go to them.

1. Read the texts. Match the titles (1–6) to the texts (A–E). One title is extra. Complete the table below.

1. SAILING SCHOOLS

2. SCHOOLS ON THE MOVE

3. STUDENTS-RULED SCHOOL

4. FOREST KINDERGARTENS

5. CAVE SCHOOLS

6. THE UNDERGROUND SCHOOL

A. Who says you need walls to learn? Who needs a building at all? The new type of kindergartens, a concept popularised in Europe, are schools for 3–6 years olds that take place almost completely outdoors. Kids in regular kindergartens play on the monkey bars; kids in these kindergartens climb trees. Rain or shine, snow or rain, heat or cold, these kids are out exploring and interacting with their environment.

B. Terraset Elementary school was built in the mid-1970s, when the US was struck by the energy crisis. The country introduced energy saving mode, which was used for heating schools. The designers had a difficult task: the building below the surface of the ground was to be not only warm but also cool. This required new energy costs. The problem was solved with solar collectors. Today Terraset is not only the most energy-efficient school in the country, but also one of the major tourist attractions in the area.

C. School ALPHA, which opened its doors in 1972, is famous for disobedience. There are no evaluations, no strict schedule, and no homework. No one will punish you for writing with chalk on a blackboard. Pupils decide how to spend the school day and what activities to attend. Classes are formed not by age but by the students' interests: along with Maths and spelling lessons students are provided by modeling, cooking and even basic philosophy. Another tradition is to hold meetings during which children as adults have the right to speak about the need for changes in the schedule of subjects and the system of school management.

D. In the past, the children of nomadic herders (скотоводы-кочевники) did not receive formal education or were forced to stay in boarding schools, and for months did not see their family. Today this problem is solved with the help of the nomadic schools. In Yakutia there are more than a dozen of such schools. One of these nomadic schools is “Keneleken”. In addition to the usual parking facilities there are school tents. Children are engaged in a special schedule. All schools for the children of reindeer herders in the national project have access to satellite Internet. After their homework or tests are checked the schoolchildren get the review.

E. Many children in rural areas of Bangladesh, particularly girls, do not have access to education. Due to tradition, boys are the first ones to be sent to school and girls can go to school only if the facility is not too far from home. Often, the nearest school is miles away. During the monsoon season many schools find themselves under water. Due to the climate change, the yearly floods have become worse and prolonged and children can now go for months without having classes. The solution was unusual, but simple and effective: if children can't go to school, the school in the form of boats should go to them.

Модуль 7

Чтение

Упражнение 1, страница 85

Прочитайте тексты. Сопоставьте названия (1-6) с текстами (А-Е). Один заголовок лишний. Заполните таблицу ниже.

1. ШКОЛЫ ПАРУСНОГО СПОРТА

2. ШКОЛЫ В ДВИЖЕНИИ

3. ШКОЛА, УПРАВЛЯЕМАЯ УЧЕНИКАМИ

4. ЛЕСНЫЕ ДЕТСКИЕ САДЫ

5. ПЕЩЕРНЫЕ ШКОЛЫ

6. ПОДЗЕМНАЯ ШКОЛА

А. Кто сказал, что для обучения нужны стены? Кому вообще нужно здание? Новый тип детских садов, концепция, популяризированная в Европе, — это школы для детей 3-6 лет, которые находятся практически полностью на открытом воздухе. Дети в обычных детских садах играют на турниках; дети в этих детских садах лазают по деревьям. В дождь или солнце, снег или дождь, жара или холод, эти дети исследуют и взаимодействуют со своим окружением.

В. Начальная школа Terraset была построена в середине 1970-х годов, когда США поразил энергетический кризис. В стране был введен режим энергосбережения, который использовался для отопления школ. Перед проектировщиками стояла непростая задача: здание под поверхностью земли должно было быть не только теплым, но и прохладным. Это потребовало новых затрат энергии. Проблему решили с помощью солнечных коллекторов. Сегодня Terraset — не только самая энергоэффективная школа в стране, но и одна из главных туристических достопримечательностей в этом районе.

С. Школа ALPHA, открывшаяся в 1972 году, славится непослушанием. Здесь нет оценок, строгого расписания и домашних заданий. Никто не накажет вас за то, что вы пишете мелом на доске. Ученики сами решают, как провести учебный день и какие занятия посещать. Классы формируются не по возрасту, а по интересам учеников: наряду с математикой и орфографией для учеников предусмотрены занятия по лепке, кулинарии и даже основам философии. Еще одна традиция — проводить собрания, на которых дети, как и взрослые, имеют право высказаться о необходимости изменений в расписании предметов и системе управления школой.

D. Раньше дети скотоводов-кочевников не получали формального образования или были вынуждены жить в школах-интернатах и месяцами не видеть свою семью. Сегодня эта проблема решается с помощью кочевых школ. В Якутии таких школ более десятка. Одна из таких кочевых школ — «Кенэлекен». Помимо обычных парковок есть школьные палатки. Дети занимаются по особому расписанию. Во всех школах для детей оленеводов в национальном проекте есть доступ к спутниковому Интернету. После проверки домашних заданий или контрольных работ школьники получают отзыв.

Е. Многие дети в сельской местности Бангладеш, особенно девочки, не имеют доступа к образованию. По традиции мальчиков первыми отправляют в школу, а девочки могут пойти в школу, только если школа находится не слишком далеко от дома. Часто ближайшая школа находится в нескольких милях. В сезон муссонов многие школы оказываются под водой. Из-за изменения климата ежегодные наводнения стали сильнее и продолжительнее, и теперь дети могут месяцами обходиться без занятий. Решение было необычным, но простым и эффективным: если дети не могут ходить в школу, школа в виде лодок должна ехать к ним.

Ответ:

Прочитайте тексты. Соотнесите заголовки (1–6) с текстами (A–E). Один заголовок является лишним. Заполните таблицу ниже.

Ответ:

Translation:

The table above matches the titles to the texts as follows:
1. SAILING SCHOOLS matches text E (schools in the form of boats in Bangladesh).
2. SCHOOLS ON THE MOVE matches text D (nomadic schools for reindeer herders in Yakutia).
3. STUDENTS-RULED SCHOOL matches text C (School ALPHA where pupils decide how to spend the day).
4. FOREST KINDERGARTENS matches text A (kindergartens that take place almost completely outdoors).
5. CAVE SCHOOLS is the extra title and does not match any text.
6. THE UNDERGROUND SCHOOL matches text B (Terraset Elementary school built below the surface of the ground).