Номер 11, страница 135 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

Unit Theree. Wonders of the World. Reading - номер 11, страница 135.

Условие.

11. Look at the picture of St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow which was nominated a new wonder of the world and say what you know about it. Then read the text and say what new information you found in it.

■ St. Basil's Cathedral ■

Although it's known to everyone as St. Basil's, this legendary building is officially called “The Cathedral of the Intercession of the Virgin by the Moat”. The popular alternative refers to Basil the Blessed, a Muscovite ‘holy fool’ who was buried on the site (in the Trinity Cathedral that once stood here) a few years before the present building was erected.

The Cathedral was ordered by Ivan the Terrible to mark the 1552 capture of Kazan from Mongol forces. It was completed in 1560. That's pretty much all the genuine history that's known about this celebrated landmark. There are, however, scores of legends. Nothing is known about the builders, Barma and Postnik Yakovlev, except their names and the dubious legend that Ivan had them blinded so that they could not create anything to compare. Historians unanimously state that this is nothing but urban folklore.

Architectural specialists are to this day unable to agree about the governing idea behind the structure. Either the creators were paying homage to the churches of Jerusalem, or, by building eight churches around a central ninth, they were representing the medieval symbol of the eight-pointed star. The original concept of the Cathedral of the Intercession has been hidden from us beneath layers of stylistic additions and new churches added to the main building. In fact, when built, the Cathedral was all white to match the white-stone Kremlin, and the onion domes were gold rather than multicolored and patterned as they are today.

In the 17th century a hip-roofed bell tower was added, the gallery and staircases were covered with vaulted roofing, and the helmeted domes were replaced with decorated ones. In 1860, during rebuilding, the Cathedral was painted with a more complex design, and has remained unchanged since.

For a time in the Soviet Union, there was talk of demolishing St. Basil’s – mainly because it hindered Stalin’s plans for massed parades in Red Square. It was only saved thanks to the courage of the architect Pyotr Baranorovsky. When ordered to prepare the building for demolition, he refused categorically, and sent to the Kremlin an extremely blunt telegram. The Cathedral remained standing, and Baranorovsky’s conservation efforts earned him three years in prison.

The Cathedral is now a museum. During restoration work in the seventies a wooden spiral staircase was discovered within one of the walls. Visitors now take this route into the central church with its extraordinary, soaring tented roof and a fine 16th-century iconostasis. You can also walk along the narrow, winding gallery, covered with beautiful patterned paintwork.

One service a year is held in the Cathedral, on the Day of Intercession in October.

Решение.

Решение 2.

11. Посмотрите на изображение Собора Василия Блаженного в Москве, который был номинирован на звание нового чуда света, и скажите, что вы о нём знаете. Затем прочитайте текст и скажите, какую новую информацию вы в нём нашли.

Ответ:

What I know about St. Basil's Cathedral:

I know that St. Basil's Cathedral is located in Moscow on Red Square. It is very famous for its colorful onion-shaped domes. I think it is one of the main symbols of Russia. It was built a very long time ago by order of a tsar.

Что я знаю о Соборе Василия Блаженного:

Я знаю, что Собор Василия Блаженного находится в Москве на Красной площади. Он очень известен своими разноцветными куполами-луковками. Я думаю, это один из главных символов России. Он был построен очень давно по приказу царя.

New information I found in the text:

From the text, I learned that the official name of the cathedral is "The Cathedral of the Intercession of the Virgin by the Moat". It was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible to celebrate the capture of Kazan in 1552. It was surprising to find out that originally the cathedral was all white with golden domes. I also learned that the famous legend about the architects being blinded is just folklore. The cathedral was almost demolished during the Soviet Union, but it was saved by the courage of architect Pyotr Baranovsky. Now it is a museum, and only one service is held there per year.

Новая информация, которую я нашёл в тексте:

Из текста я узнал, что официальное название собора — «Собор Покрова Пресвятой Богородицы, что на Рву». Он был построен по приказу Ивана Грозного в честь взятия Казани в 1552 году. Было удивительно узнать, что изначально собор был полностью белым с золотыми куполами. Я также узнал, что известная легенда об ослеплении архитекторов — это всего лишь фольклор. Собор чуть не снесли во времена Советского Союза, но его спасла смелость архитектора Петра Барановского. Сейчас это музей, и служба в нём проводится лишь раз в год.