Exercise 9A, page 4 - English File Studetn's book, pre-intermediate, Oxford

4 GRAMMAR if + past,

would + infinitive

a Look at quiz questions 1-6 again. Are they about a past situation or an imagined future situation? What tense is the verb after if? What form is the other verb?

b ⓘ p.142 Grammar Bank 9A

9A second conditional: if + past, would / wouldn't + infinitive

1 If a cow attacked me, I'd run away.

If she didn't have a dog, she wouldn't do any exercise.

Would you go for a swim if there were sharks in the sea?

2 If I had more time, I'd do more exercise.

I'd do more exercise if I had more time.

3 If we went by car, we could stop at places on the way.

1 We use if + past to talk about an imaginary or hypothetical future situation and would / wouldn't + infinitive to talk about the consequence.

• would + infinitive is sometimes known as the conditional tense. We also use it without an if-clause to talk about imaginary or hypothetical situations e.g. I'd never have a cat as a pet. They'd be happier in a bigger house.

• would / wouldn't = is the same for all persons. Contractions: 'd = would (I'd, you'd, he'd, etc.); wouldn't = would not.

2 In a second conditional the if-clause can come first or second. If the if-clause comes first, we usually put a comma before the next clause.

3 We can also use could + infinitive instead of would + infinitive in the other clause.

be in second conditionals

With the verb be we can use were (instead of was) after I / he / she / it, e.g.

If Jack was / were here, he'd know what to do.

Use were (not was) in the expression If I were you,...

We often use this expression for advice, e.g.

If I were you, I wouldn't take that job.

first or second conditional?

Compare the first and second conditionals:

• We use the first conditional for possible future situations.

If I don't have to work tomorrow, I'll help you.

(= It's a possibility. Maybe I will help you.)

• We use the second conditional for imaginary or hypothetical situations.

If I didn't have to work tomorrow, I'd help you.

(= It's a hypothetical situation. I have to work, so I can't help you.)

9A

a Match the sentence halves.

You'd feel much better A

1 I'd enjoy the weekend more

2 If you didn't have to study for your exams,

3 Would you really wear a suit

4 If we took a taxi,

5 I wouldn't work

6 If I went to live in London,

A if you did some exercise.

B would you come to visit me?

C if I bought one for you?

D we could go out tonight.

E if I didn't have to work on Saturday.

F we would get there sooner.

G if I didn't need the money.

b Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb to make second conditional sentences.

If I found a good job, I 'd move to the USA. (find, move)

1 We _________ a dog if we _________ a garden. (get, have)

2 If you _________ Indian food, I'm sure you _________ it. (try, like)

3 I _________ it if I _________ it. (not buy, not like)

4 If we _________ a car, we _________ drive to the mountains. (hire, can)

5 We _________ our children more often if they _________ nearer. (see, live)

6 I _________ to that restaurant if I _________ you – it's very expensive.

(not go, be)

7 You _________ more if you _________ more homework. (learn, do)

8 I _________ to work if the traffic _________ so bad. (cycle, not be)

9 _________ you _________ abroad if you _________ a well-paid job?

(work, find)

10 I love living here. I _________ happy if I _________ leave. (not be, have to)

4a. Посмотрите еще раз на вопросы викторины 1-6. Описывают ли они прошлую ситуацию или воображаемую будущую ситуацию? В каком времени стоит глагол после if? В какой форме стоит другой глагол?

Ответ:

Для ответа на вопрос недостаточно данных.

9A a. Соедините половины предложений.

Ответ:

1 - E. I'd enjoy the weekend more if I didn't have to work on Saturday. / Я бы больше наслаждался выходными, если бы мне не нужно было работать в субботу.

2 - D. If you didn't have to study for your exams, we could go out tonight. / Если бы тебе не нужно было готовиться к экзаменам, мы могли бы пойти куда-нибудь сегодня вечером.

3 - C. Would you really wear a suit if I bought one for you? / Ты бы действительно надел костюм, если бы я купил его для тебя?

4 - F. If we took a taxi, we would get there sooner. / Если бы мы взяли такси, мы бы добрались туда быстрее.

5 - G. I wouldn't work if I didn't need the money. / Я бы не работал, если бы мне не нужны были деньги.

6 - B. If I went to live in London, would you come to visit me? / Если бы я переехал жить в Лондон, ты бы приехал навестить меня?

9A b. Дополните предложения, поставив глаголы в правильную форму, чтобы получились условные предложения второго типа.

Ответ:

1 We would get a dog if we had a garden. / Мы бы завели собаку, если бы у нас был сад.

2 If you tried Indian food, I'm sure you would like it. / Если бы ты попробовал индийскую еду, я уверен, она бы тебе понравилась.

3 I wouldn't buy it if I didn't like it. / Я бы не купил это, если бы мне это не нравилось.

4 If we hired a car, we could drive to the mountains. / Если бы мы арендовали машину, мы бы смогли поехать в горы.

5 We would see our children more often if they lived nearer. / Мы бы видели наших детей чаще, если бы они жили ближе.

6 I wouldn't go to that restaurant if I were you – it's very expensive. / Я бы не пошел в тот ресторан на твоем месте – он очень дорогой.

7 You would learn more if you did more homework. / Ты бы узнал больше, если бы делал больше домашней работы.

8 I would cycle to work if the traffic wasn't so bad. / Я бы ездил на работу на велосипеде, если бы движение не было таким плотным.

9 Would you work abroad if you found a well-paid job? / Ты бы работал за границей, если бы нашел хорошо оплачиваемую работу?

10 I love living here. I wouldn't be happy if I had to leave. / Я люблю здесь жить. Я не был бы счастлив, если бы мне пришлось уехать.