номер 5, страница 99 - гдз по английскому языку 5-11 класс учебник Latham-Koenig, Oxenden

5 GRAMMAR relative clauses

a Look at the options in sentences 1-7 and cross out any which are not correct.

1 John McEnroe, that / who / whom won Wimbledon in the 1980s, now works as a sports commentator.

2 He ran the marathon in 2 hours 22 minutes, that / what / which was a new course record.

3 I feel really sorry for the players that / who / (-) lost.

4 The captain, that / who / whose brother also plays in the team, is from Holland.

5 The coach got on well with the players that / who / (-) she trained.

6 New trainers! Thanks, they're just that / what / which I wanted.

7 Those are the gloves that / which / (-) Muhammad Ali wore when he beat Joe Frazier in 1975.

b p.160 Grammar Bank 10A

10A

GRAMMAR BANK

relative clauses

defining relative clauses

1 She's the woman who/ that won the marathon.
That's the stadium which / that is going to be used for the World Cup final.

2 That's the neighbour whose dog never stops barking.

3 James is the man (who) I met at the party.
That's the shop (which) I told you about.

4 My sister's the only person to whom I can talk.
My sister's the only person (who) I can talk to.
This is the room in which I was born.
This is the room (that) I was born in.

5 She told me what she had seen.
What I like best about London is the parks.

• We use who, which, whose, whom, and what to introduce a defining relative clause, i.e. a clause which gives essential information about somebody or something.

1 We can use that instead of who / which. This is very common in conversation.

2 We use whose to mean 'of who' or 'of which'.

3 When who or which are the object of the verb in the relative clause, you can leave them out.

4 In formal English, after a preposition, use whom for a person and which for a thing. In informal English it is more common to leave out the relative pronoun and put the preposition after the verb.

5 We use what as a relative pronoun to mean 'the thing' or 'things which'.

See Writing A review p.120 for the rules for reduced relative clauses.

non-defining relative clauses

1 My brother, who doesn't like sport, was given a tennis racket for Christmas!
Buckingham Palace, which was built in the 18th century, is visited by thousands of tourists.

2 Adriana hasn't come to class for two weeks, which is a bit worrying.

3 They've got three children, all of whom are good at sport.
My favourite foods are bread, biscuits, and cakes, none of which are very good for me.
A lot of parents, many of whose children go to the local school, are protesting today about plans for the new road.

1 A non-defining relative clause gives extra, non essential information about a person or thing.

• In written English, this kind of clause is separated by commas, or between a comma and a full stop.

• You can't use that instead of who / which. NOT My brother, that doesn't like sport,...

2 which can be used to refer to the whole of the preceding clause.

3 We sometimes use of which / of whom / of whose after some, any, none, all, both, either, neither, several, enough, many, and few.

• We can also use of which / of whom / of whose after expressions of quantity and superlatives.

a Right (✔) or wrong (X)? Correct the mistakes in the highlighted phrases.

She's the neighbour that her daughter has just had a baby. X
She's the neighbour whose daughter has just had a baby.

1 This is the programme I was telling you about.

2 Is this the train that it goes to Birmingham?

3 She told her boss she'd overslept, that was absolutely true.

4 My son, that is very bright, is applying for a place at Oxford University.

5 The employee to who I spoke gave me some inaccurate information.

6 The woman whose suitcase didn't arrive never got it back.

7 The Canary Islands, which are situated off the coast of Africa, are a popular tourist destination.

8 Everyone in my family always eats that I cook.

9 That's the painting for which we paid over a thousand pounds.

10 The football club which fans sing the best is usually considered to be Liverpool.

11 That we love about living in Paris is the street cafés.

12 My doctor told me to go jogging, play tennis, or do Pilates, none of what I enjoy.

b Join the sentences using a relative pronoun and the correct punctuation. Sometimes more than one answer is possible.

I've just failed my driving test. It's a pity.
I've just failed my driving test, which is a pity.

1 They gave us a present. This was a complete surprise.
They...

2 My girlfriend is very intelligent. She's an architect.
My girlfriend...

3 It's too hot in my flat. This makes it impossible to sleep.
It's...

4 A car crashed into mine. It was a Mini.
The car...

5 I spoke to a police officer. She was working on the reception desk.
The police officer...

6 We only bought our computer two months ago. It keeps on crashing.
Our computer...

7 I left some things on the table. They aren't there any more.
The things...

8 That's the electrician. He did some work for my mother.
That's...

9 I've got two brothers. Neither of them can swim.
I've got two brothers...

10 The houses are still in very good condition. Many of them were built in 1870.
The houses...

Defining relative clauses in spoken English

In informal spoken English, we tend to use that rather than who or which, and almost always leave out the relative pronoun when the subject of the clause changes, e.g. She's the player (that) John told us about.

c Choose five new words from this lesson and define them for a partner to identify. Use that instead of who / which and leave out the relative pronoun where appropriate.

It's a kind of exercise class that involves lots of different, short activities. (Circuits

5a Посмотрите на варианты в предложениях 1-7 и вычеркните те, которые не являются правильными.

10A a) Правильно (✓) или неправильно (X)? Исправьте ошибки в выделенных фразах.

10A b) Соедините предложения, используя относительное местоимение и правильную пунктуацию. Иногда возможно более одного варианта ответа.

10A c) Выберите пять новых слов из этого урока и дайте им определение, чтобы партнер мог их угадать. Используйте 'that' вместо 'who' / 'which' и опускайте относительное местоимение, где это уместно.

Ответ:

5a

1 John McEnroe, who won Wimbledon in the 1980s, now works as a sports commentator.
Джон Макинрой, который выиграл Уимблдон в 1980-х, сейчас работает спортивным комментатором.

2 He ran the marathon in 2 hours 22 minutes, which was a new course record.
Он пробежал марафон за 2 часа 22 минуты, что стало новым рекордом трассы.

3 I feel really sorry for the players that / who lost.
Мне очень жаль игроков, которые проиграли.

4 The captain, whose brother also plays in the team, is from Holland.
Капитан, чей брат также играет в команде, из Голландии.

5 The coach got on well with the players that / who / (-) she trained.
Тренер хорошо ладила с игроками, которых она тренировала.

6 New trainers! Thanks, they're just what I wanted.
Новые кроссовки! Спасибо, это как раз то, что я хотел.

7 Those are the gloves that / which / (-) Muhammad Ali wore when he beat Joe Frazier in 1975.
Это те самые перчатки, которые носил Мухаммед Али, когда победил Джо Фрейзера в 1975 году.

10A a

1 ✓ This is the programme I was telling you about.
✓ Это программа, о которой я тебе рассказывал.

2 X Is this the train that it goes that goes to Birmingham?
X Это поезд, который он идёт который идёт в Бирмингем?

3 X She told her boss she'd overslept, that which was absolutely true.
X Она сказала своему боссу, что проспала, что и это была абсолютная правда.

4 X My son, that who is very bright, is applying for a place at Oxford University.
X Мой сын, который который очень умный, подает документы на поступление в Оксфордский университет.

5 X The employee to who I spoke who I spoke to gave me some inaccurate information.
X Сотрудник, к которому я говорил с которым я говорил, дал мне неточную информацию.

6 ✓ The woman whose suitcase didn't arrive never got it back.
✓ Женщина, чей чемодан не прибыл, так его и не получила.

7 ✓ The Canary Islands, which are situated off the coast of Africa, are a popular tourist destination.
✓ Канарские острова, которые расположены у побережья Африки, являются популярным туристическим направлением.

8 X Everyone in my family always eats that what I cook.
X Все в моей семье всегда едят то то, что я готовлю.

9 ✓ That's the painting for which we paid over a thousand pounds.
✓ Это картина, за которую мы заплатили более тысячи фунтов.

10 X The football club which whose fans sing the best is usually considered to be Liverpool.
X Футбольный клуб, который чьи фанаты поют лучше всех, обычно считается «Ливерпулем».

11 X That What we love about living in Paris is the street cafés.
X То Что мы любим в жизни в Париже — это уличные кафе.

12 X My doctor told me to go jogging, play tennis, or do Pilates, none of what which I enjoy.
X Мой врач сказал мне бегать трусцой, играть в теннис или заниматься пилатесом, но ничто из этого этого мне не нравится.

10A b

1 They gave us a present, which was a complete surprise.
Они подарили нам подарок, что было полной неожиданностью.

2 My girlfriend, who is an architect, is very intelligent.
Моя девушка, которая работает архитектором, очень умна.

3 It's too hot in my flat, which makes it impossible to sleep.
В моей квартире слишком жарко, что делает невозможным уснуть.

4 The car that crashed into mine was a Mini.
Машина, которая врезалась в мою, была «Мини».

5 The police officer who I spoke to was working on the reception desk.
Полицейский, с которым я говорил, работал за стойкой регистрации.

6 Our computer, which we only bought two months ago, keeps on crashing.
Наш компьютер, который мы купили всего два месяца назад, постоянно ломается.

7 The things I left on the table aren't there any more.
Вещи, которые я оставил на столе, исчезли.

8 That's the electrician who did some work for my mother.
Это тот электрик, который делал кое-какую работу для моей мамы.

9 I've got two brothers, neither of whom can swim.
У меня есть два брата, ни один из которых не умеет плавать.

10 The houses, many of which were built in 1870, are still in very good condition.
Дома, многие из которых были построены в 1870 году, до сих пор в очень хорошем состоянии.

10A c

1 It's a person that talks about a sports game on TV. (a commentator)
Это человек, который рассказывает о спортивной игре по телевизору. (комментатор)

2 It's a very long race people run. (a marathon)
Это очень длинный забег, в котором участвуют люди. (марафон)

3 It's someone that designs buildings. (an architect)
Это тот, кто проектирует здания. (архитектор)

4 It's the person you call when the lights don't work. (an electrician)
Это человек, которому вы звоните, когда не работает свет. (электрик)

5 They are the shoes you wear for sport. (trainers)
Это обувь, которую носят для занятий спортом. (кроссовки)