Номер 6, страница 61, часть 2 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

Часть 2. Unit 4. The Whole World Knows Them. Step 2 - номер 6, страница 61.

Условие.

6 A. Read the text and complete it in 3–6 sentences.

Isaak Newton

Sir Isaak Newton is a world-famous English scientist, who devoted his life to mathematics, physics, astronomy [əˈstrɒnəmɪ] and other sciences. Newton discovered the law of gravity and many other laws, he developed some very important scientific theories which helped people to understand and explain a lot of things about the physical world.

Isaak Newton was born in a small village in the east of England in 1642. At school he was interested in mathematics, which he studied later at Cambridge University. In 1655 Newton received his degree¹ and returned home where he did much of his most important work. Here, among other things, he studied optics. His experiments [ɪkˈsperɪmənts] showed that white light was a mixture of all colours of the rainbow. Many people had seen the colours of the rainbow before but it was Newton who explained that white light was made of those colours. Newton's studies of light led him to build the first reflecting² telescope ['telɪskəʊp]. Newton also first thought about the law of gravity. The legend says that he discovered this law when an apple fell on his head while he was sitting under a tree in his garden. That's why in many pictures Newton was often shown with an apple in his hand.

Newton understood that the same kind of power that made apples fall from trees also gives objects weight and keeps planets on their orbits. Newton's discoveries are still important for modern science. For example, by studying the spectrum of light from a star scientists can find out what it is made of.

Newton took part in the political life of England and was a member of English Parliament. He didn't have a family and devoted all his life to science. Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey where there is a monument to this great man. Many scientists all over the world admire his talent and consider him to be the greatest genius ['dʒiːniəs] in the history of mankind.

To sum it up, we remember Isaak Newton because...

B. You probably didn't know the marked words in the text. What helped you to understand them: a) the way they look and sound or b) the context in which they are used?

Слово Sir перед именем мужчины означает, что он имеет рыцарское звание или принадлежит к аристократическому роду. Так, например, Исаак Ньютон первым в стране получил рыцарское звание за заслуги в науке.

Обратите внимание, что слово Sir ставится перед именем и фамилией (Sir Isaak Newton) или же перед именем, но не перед фамилией (Sir Isaak). В подобных случаях перед женскими именами используют слово Lady для женщин-аристократок (Lady Chatterley) и слово Dame для тех, кому титул был присвоен за заслуги перед страной (Dame Agatha Christie).

Решение.

Решение 2.

6

A. Прочитайте текст и дополните его 3-6 предложениями.

Ответ:

...he was a brilliant scientist who made many crucial discoveries. He discovered the law of gravity and explained the nature of white light, showing it was a mixture of all the colours of the rainbow. Furthermore, Newton invented the reflecting telescope, which was a significant advancement in astronomy. His scientific theories helped people to understand the physical world and are still important for modern science, solidifying his place as one of the greatest geniuses in history.

Перевод:

...он был гениальным ученым, сделавшим множество важнейших открытий. Он открыл закон всемирного тяготения и объяснил природу белого света, показав, что тот является смесью всех цветов радуги. Кроме того, Ньютон изобрел зеркальный телескоп, что стало значительным прорывом в астрономии. Его научные теории помогли людям понять физический мир, они важны для современной науки и сегодня, что утвердило его статус одного из величайших гениев в истории.

B. Вы, вероятно, не знали выделенные слова в тексте. Что помогло вам их понять: а) то, как они выглядят и звучат, или б) контекст, в котором они используются?

Ответ:

The context in which the marked words were used helped me the most to understand their meaning. For example, reading about Newton's studies of light and colours helped me guess what 'optics' and 'spectrum' meant. However, some words like 'astronomy' and 'genius' are very similar to words in my native language, so the way they look and sound also helped me a little.

Перевод:

Больше всего мне помог понять значение выделенных слов контекст, в котором они использовались. Например, читая об изучении Ньютоном света и цветов, я догадался, что означают слова «optics» (оптика) и «spectrum» (спектр). Однако некоторые слова, такие как «astronomy» (астрономия) и «genius» (гений), очень похожи на слова в моем родном языке, поэтому их внешний вид и звучание мне тоже немного помогли.