Номер 3, страница 59 - гдз по английскому языку 9 класс рабочая тетрадь Афанасьева, Михеева

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The London Underground was the world's first electric underground railway. For many years, the London Underground worked on underground steam trains, and then, in eighteen ninety, the City and South London Line was the first to use the new technologies and electric power. There is no doubt that the London Underground was a fantastic example of brilliant Victorian engineering. Of course, in those days, the technology was not nearly as advanced as it is today. Hydraulic lifts transported passengers from ground level to the platforms. Trains consisted of only three carriages and were pulled by electric locomotives. The locomotives were powered by the largest power generating station in the country. The first carriages had no windows because the designers thought that passengers wouldn't have anything interesting to look at in the tunnel. On platforms, at the end of each carriage, there was a man who called out the names of the stations and opened doors for the passengers. The trains could only carry ninety-six people. Over time, more lines and trains were introduced to form the complicated underground network we need today. Unlike the Moscow Underground, that was planned and built over a short period of time, the London Underground has developed slowly. For example, the lines were built by a number of different railway companies. This is why the London Underground map looks so complicated and has so many lines. This also explains why the London Underground or tube, as people often call it, is not nearly as beautiful as the underground in Moscow. It may be also interesting to know that the London Tube map has been used by most underground systems as the basis for the design of their own maps. The map was drawn in nineteen thirty-one by Harry Beck, who worked for the Underground. Before Harry Beck came up with his radical idea, the underground maps were geographical, showing underground lines and stations in relation to the street plan on the ground. Harry Beck showed the roots as colored lines and stations as circles. Today, Beck's map is believed to be a design classic.