Номер 1, страница 96 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс (spotlight) учебник Афанасьева, Дули

Module 5. Who are you?. Across the curriculum - номер 1, страница 96.

Условие.

GeoFactfile: Urbanisation in the Developing World:

Shanty Towns

What exactly is a shanty town?

A shanty town (or slum) is an overcrowded community of rough huts or poor quality houses which have 1) .... or no access to basic services like clean water and electricity. Shanty towns are usually located on the outskirts of cities, or on dangerous or worthless land that no one else wants. Since shanty towns are illegal, governments don't have to provide the people who live in them with medical care, education, or other basic services and rights.

Why do they develop?

Every day, approximately 180,000 people around the world move from the countryside into cities. Some move to escape poverty or conflict, others are simply attracted by the prospect of a better life. Unfortunately, in many parts of the developing world, governments have not made plans to cope with the vast numbers of people arriving in their cities each year. In particular, they have failed to provide decent and affordable housing. As a result, many end 2) .... living in terrible conditions: shanty towns.

What is life like in a shanty town?

Unemployment and poverty levels are high in shanty towns.

Malnutrition and child labour are common. Since shanty towns are overcrowded and usually without rubbish collections, clean water or sanitation facilities (in the Kibera slum in Nairobi, for example, 40,000 people share just 10 toilets), 3) .... are polluted, filthy environments where disease 4) .... quickly. Also, the high level of poverty often leads to organised crime and violence. However, these communities are full of life and residents have a high community spirit.

Is anything being done?

International agencies are working with governments of developing countries, and also residents themselves, to improve the situation. For example, charities sometimes offer residents loans so that they 5) .... set up businesses and 6) .... a decent living. In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the authorities have now officially accepted their country's shanty towns as permanent and are providing them with electricity, water and other amenities. But slum dwellers aren't just waiting for others to solve their problems! In Thailand, slum communities have worked together to resolve arguments over land and in some 7) .... have gained legal ownership.

1 Look at the picture. What is a shanty town? How can these words be related to it?

• overcrowded community • basic services • illegal • medical care • unemployment • poverty

• malnutrition • child labour • clean water • disease • crime • legal ownership

Read and check.

Решение 1.

Решение 2.

Решение 3.

Решение 4.

Посмотрите на картинку. Что такое трущобный городок? Как эти слова могут быть с ним связаны?

Ответ:

1. A shanty town, as shown in the picture, is an overcrowded community with poorly built houses. People living there often don't have basic services like clean water, electricity, or medical care. These towns are usually illegal and built on land that nobody else wants.

(Трущобный городок, как показано на картинке, — это перенаселенное сообщество с плохо построенными домами. У живущих там людей часто нет основных услуг, таких как чистая вода, электричество или медицинская помощь. Эти городки обычно незаконны и построены на земле, которая никому больше не нужна.)

The words are related to shanty towns in these ways:

(Эти слова связаны с трущобными городками следующим образом:)

Word (Слово)	Relation (Связь)
overcrowded community (перенаселенное сообщество)	Shanty towns are defined as overcrowded places. (Трущобы определяются как перенаселенные места.)
basic services (основные услуги)	Residents lack access to basic services. (Жителям не хватает доступа к основным услугам.)
illegal (незаконный)	These settlements are often illegal. (Эти поселения часто являются незаконными.)
medical care (медицинская помощь)	There is usually no official medical care provided. (Обычно официальная медицинская помощь не предоставляется.)
unemployment (безработица)	Unemployment rates are high in shanty towns. (Уровень безработицы в трущобах высок.)
poverty (бедность)	Poverty is a key feature of life in a shanty town. (Бедность — это ключевая черта жизни в трущобном городке.)
malnutrition (недоедание)	Malnutrition is common because of poverty. (Недоедание распространено из-за бедности.)
child labour (детский труд)	Child labour is also common in these areas. (Детский труд также является обычным явлением в этих районах.)
clean water (чистая вода)	Access to clean water is a major problem. (Доступ к чистой воде — это серьезная проблема.)
disease (болезни)	Unhygienic conditions lead to the spread of disease. (Антисанитарные условия приводят к распространению болезней.)
crime (преступность)	High poverty levels can lead to crime and violence. (Высокий уровень бедности может приводить к преступности и насилию.)
legal ownership (законное владение)	Residents do not have legal ownership of their land, but sometimes they work to get it. (Жители не имеют законного права собственности на свою землю, но иногда они борются за его получение.)