номер 3, страница 7 - гдз по английскому языку 5-11 класс учебник Latham-Koenig, Oxenden

3 GRAMMAR have: lexical and grammatical uses

a With a partner, look at all the sentences in groups 1–4. Answer the two questions for each group.

• Are all the options possible?

• Is there any difference in meaning or register?

1 I haven't got
I don't have
I haven't
any siblings.

2 I've been making
I've made
loads of food for a family dinner tonight.

3 Have we got to
Do we have to
dress up for the party, or is it just family?

4 I've had some lovely photos taken
I've taken some lovely photos
of the children.

b G p.142 Grammar Bank 1A

c With a partner, say if each of the sentences below is true for you or not and why.

• I'm the most competitive person in my family. Whenever I play a sport or game, I always have to win.

• When someone in my family annoys me, I always keep quiet rather than having it out with them.

• I've been arguing a lot with my family recently.

• I don't mind having my photo taken, but I'd hate to have my portrait painted.

• I've got a lot of 'friends' on social media, but I only have a few close friends that I see regularly face-to-face.

• I've got to try to get out more. I spend too much time at home.

• I have a few possessions that are really important to me and that I would hate to lose.

• I've never wanted to leave home. I'm happy living with my parents.

1A

GRAMMAR BANK

have: lexical and grammatical uses

different uses of have as a main verb

1 I have a large extended family.

2 I'm having problems with my wi-fi.

3 Do we really have to spend Christmas with your parents again?

4 We're going to have our house repainted next week.

I had my phone stolen when I was paying at the checkout.

• We don't usually contract have when it is a main verb.

1 We use have as a main verb for possession.

• have with this meaning is a stative (non-action) verb and is not used in continuous tenses. have is also a stative verb when used to talk about relationships or illnesses.

2 We use have + object as a main verb for actions and experiences, e.g. have a bath, a drink, a problem, etc.

• have with this meaning is a dynamic (action) verb and can be used in continuous tenses.

3 We use have to as a main verb to express obligation, especially obligation imposed by others, and rules and regulations.

4 We use have as a main verb + object + past participle to say that you ask or pay another person to do something for you, or that something bad has been done to you.

different uses of have as an auxiliary verb

1 We've got two sons, but we haven't got a daughter.

2 I haven't the time to go to the bank.

3 I've got to go now – I'm meeting my girlfriend for lunch.

4 They've been married for 15 years.

How long has Anna been going out with James?

5 She'll have finished lunch in a few minutes, so call her then.

If I hadn't taken a taxi, I wouldn't have arrived in time.

• have as an auxiliary verb is often contracted.

1 We often use have got for possession.

• We normally use had for the past, not had got, e.g. My grandparents had six children. NOT My grandparents had got...

2 In negative sentences, we occasionally leave out got, especially in fixed expressions like I haven't time, I haven't a clue.

3 We use have got to to express obligation, especially in informal English.

• have got to is normally used for a specific obligation rather than a general or repeated obligation. Compare:
I've got to make a quick phone call. (= specific)
I have to wear a suit to work. (= general)

4 We use have as an auxiliary verb to form the present perfect simple and continuous.

5 We also use have for other perfect forms, e.g. the future perfect, the perfect infinitive, the past perfect, etc.

have or have got in idioms and expressions

1 I think my sister has been borrowing money from my mother. I'm going to have it out with her. (= talk openly about it)
You're getting married? You're having me on! (= play a joke on sb)
I'm going to have a go at making home-made pasta. (= try)
We had such a laugh at the party last night. (= enjoy yourself)
That's it. I've had it with Mark. I'm never going to speak to him again. (= have had enough of sb/sth)

2 My boss is constantly asking me to work late. She really has it in for me. (= not like sb and be unpleasant to them)
I don't think I've got it in me to find somebody new. (= feel capable of sth)

• There are many idioms and expressions with have, some of which can also be used with have got.

1 These expressions only exist with have.

2 These expressions exist with both have and have got.

a Right (✔) or wrong (X)? Correct the mistakes in the highlighted phrases.

I'm exhausted! I've been looking after my sister's kids all day. ✔

1 I don't think you should drive until you've had your brakes fixed.

2 I can't come on holiday because I haven't got any money.

3 Has your husband to work tomorrow?

4 The staff don't have to dress formally in this company – they can wear what they like.

5 How long have you been having your flat in London?

6 What time are we having dinner tonight?

7 My parents had got a lot of problems with my sister when she was a teenager.

8 I don't have a holiday for 18 months. I really need a break.

9 Have we got to do this exercise now?

b Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use a form of have or have got.

Her brother moved to Canada in 2011 and he still lives there.

Her brother's been living in Canada since 2011.

1 She's an only child.

She ________ brothers or sisters.

2 We used to pay someone to take a family photograph every year.

We used ________ every year.

3 Having car insurance is compulsory for all drivers.

All ________ car insurance.

4 He's seeing his father tomorrow. He last saw him two years ago.

He's seeing his father tomorrow. He ________ two years.

5 He lacks the right qualifications for this job.

He ________ for this job.

6 It isn't necessary for us to do it now; we can do it later.

We ________; we can do it later.

7 The sea was amazingly clear and warm – we swam every morning.

The sea was amazingly clear and warm - we ________ every morning.

8 When did you start to get on badly?

How long ________ badly?

9 I need someone to fix the central heating.

I need ________

c Complete the sentences with one word.

1 He was a good interviewee, but I don't think he has it in ________ to do the job.

2 We went on a girls' night out last weekend, and we had a real ________.

3 Are you really going to do a bungee jump or are you having me ________?

4 My maths teacher has really ________ it in for me. She's much stricter with me than with the rest of the class.

5 I've ________ it with always tidying up after you.

p.7

Вместе с партнером рассмотрите все предложения в группах 1–4. Ответьте на два вопроса для каждой группы: • Все ли варианты возможны? • Есть ли разница в значении или стилистическом регистре?

Ответ:

1

English: All options are possible. "I haven't got" is more common in British English and informal. "I don't have" is common in both British and American English. "I haven't" is possible but less common and sounds more formal or old-fashioned. The meaning is the same.

Русский: Все варианты возможны. "I haven't got" более распространено в британском английском и является неформальным. "I don't have" распространено как в британском, так и в американском английском. "I haven't" возможно, но менее распространено и звучит более формально или старомодно. Значение одинаковое.

2

English: Both options are possible. "I've been making" (Present Perfect Continuous) emphasizes the duration of the action. "I've made" (Present Perfect Simple) emphasizes the result of the action.

Русский: Оба варианта возможны. "I've been making" (настоящее совершенное длительное время) подчеркивает продолжительность действия. "I've made" (настоящее совершенное время) подчеркивает результат действия.

3

English: Both options are possible. "Have we got to" is more common in British English and is slightly more informal. "Do we have to" is common in both British and American English. The meaning is the same.

Русский: Оба варианта возможны. "Have we got to" более распространено в британском английском и является немного более неформальным. "Do we have to" распространено как в британском, так и в американском английском. Значение одинаковое.

4

English: Both options are possible, but they have different meanings. "I've had some lovely photos taken" means that someone else took the photos for me. "I've taken some lovely photos" means that I took the photos myself.

Русский: Оба варианта возможны, но у них разные значения. "I've had some lovely photos taken" означает, что кто-то другой сфотографировал для меня. "I've taken some lovely photos" означает, что я сам сделал фотографии.