номер 4, страница 78 - гдз по английскому языку 5-11 класс учебник Latham-Koenig, Oxenden

4 GRAMMAR advanced gerunds and infinitives

a Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Then say if they are true for you.

1 I'm really bad at remembering _______________ medicine. (take)

2 I have never enjoyed _______________ to the dentist's. (go)

3 My parents never used to make me _______________ suncream when I was a child. (put on)

b Write the verbs or verb phrases in the correct column.

afford agree avoid be worth can't help can't stand deny had better happen imagine involve look forward to manage miss needn't practise pretend refuse regret risk suggest tend threaten would rather

c 8.3 Listen and check.

d p.156 Grammar Bank 8A

8A

GRAMMAR BANK

advanced gerunds and infinitives

different forms of gerunds and infinitives

1 She hates being told she should do more exercise.
I'm tired of being lied to. I want the truth.
It's not easy to be liked when you're the boss.
These pills need to be taken after meals.

2 He thanked them for having helped him.
Having studied one language before makes it easier to learn another.
How wonderful to have finished all our exams!
By the time I'm 30, I hope to have started a family.

3 I would like to have seen your face when they told you you'd won the competition!
We would rather have stayed in a more central hotel, but they were all full.

4 I'd like to be lying on the beach right now.
She seems to be coughing a lot – do you think she's OK?

1 We use a passive gerund (being done) or a passive infinitive (to be done) to describe actions which are done to the subject.

2 We use a perfect gerund (having done) or a perfect infinitive (to have done) if we want to emphasize that an action is completed or in the past.
Often there is no difference between using a simple gerund or infinitive and a perfect gerund or infinitive, e.g.
He denied stealing / having stolen the money.
It was our fault. We were silly not to lock / not to have locked the car.

3 We use the perfect infinitive after would like, would love, would hate, would prefer, and would rather to talk about an earlier action. Compare:
I would like to see the Eiffel Tower. (= when I go to Paris in the future)
I would like to have seen the Eiffel Tower. (= I was in Paris, but I didn't see it)

4 We use a continuous infinitive (to be + verb + -ing) to say that an action / event is in progress around the time we are talking about.

other uses of gerunds and infinitives

1 It's no use worrying. There's nothing you can do.
Is there any point (in) asking Mark? He never has anything useful to say.
It's no good talking to my sister, because she doesn't listen to me.

2 We had an agreement to share the costs.
Our plan is to leave on Saturday.

3 You can't visit the Louvre in a day – there's too much to see.
There wasn't enough snow for us to ski.

4 Is there anything to eat?
There's nowhere to go at night.

5 I don't know where to go or what to do.

6 He's the youngest player ever to play for England.

1 We use the gerund after certain expressions with it or there, e.g. It's no use, There's no point, It's no good, etc.

We use the infinitive with to:

2 after nouns formed from verbs which take the infinitive, e.g. agree, plan, hope, etc.

3 after expressions with quantifiers, e.g. enough, too much, a lot, plenty of, etc.
When we want to refer to the subject of the infinitive verb we use for + person or object pronoun before the infinitive. This can be used before any infinitive structure, e.g. after adjectives: It's very difficult for me to decide.

4 after something, anywhere, etc.

5 after question words (except why).

6 after superlatives and first, second, last, etc., e.g. Who was the first person to walk on the moon?

and + verb
We often use and + verb instead of to + infinitive after try, wait, come, and go, e.g. Come and see me when you're next in New York.
I'm not sure what's going to happen - we need to wait and see.

a Complete the sentences with the correct gerund or infinitive form of the verb in brackets.

I don't like being prescribed sleeping pills, even if I'm having problems sleeping.
(prescribe)

1 I was really stupid _______________ my friend's advice. She was totally wrong. (follow)

2 I'd love _______________ there when you told him you were leaving. (be)

3 If I had a serious illness, I would prefer _______________ the truth by my doctor.
(tell)

4 It's no use _______________ We're already late. (run)

5 I'm not sure who _______________ for help.
(ask)

6 By the time I'm 55, I expect _______________ enough to be able to just work part-time.
(save)

7 The burglar denied _______________ the jewellery. (take)

8 There will be plenty of time to have _______________ at the airport.
(eat)

9 It's no good _______________ him because he's bound to have switched his phone off.
(call)

10 Who was the first woman _______________ a Nobel Prize? (win)

b Complete the sentences using the bold word.

Don't get angry with the doctor. That won't help. point
There's no point getting angry with the doctor.

1 We haven't got much time so we can't do any more shopping. enough
We _______________ do any more shopping.

2 I hate it when someone wakes me up suddenly. woken
I _______________ suddenly.

3 Are you sorry you didn't study harder at school? regret
_______________ harder at school?

4 I love it when people help me in the kitchen even when I don't ask them. without
I love it when people help me in the kitchen

5 I really wish I'd been able to go to your birthday party. love
_______________ your birthday party.

6 The children look as if they're having a good time, don't you think? seem
_______________ don't you think?

7 I'm hoping to have the operation as soon as possible. hope
My _______________ as soon as possible. p.78

e Communication Guess the sentence A p.110 B p.115 Try to guess the missing phrases.

8A GUESS THE SENTENCE Student A

a Look at sentences 1-7 and guess what the missing phrase could be. Remember: + = positive verb and - = negative verb.

1 I would love _______________ your face when the doctor told you to join a gym. +

2 There's no point _______________. He never goes to parties. +

3 It's no good _______________ lend you some money. She's completely broke. +

4 We'd rather _______________ holiday in August, but we had to because of school holidays. -

5 I don't like _______________ to do. I prefer to decide for myself. +

6 The pool wasn't warm enough for us _______________ +

7 I really hate _______________ the truth. -

8A GUESS THE SENTENCE Student B

a Look at sentences 8-14 and guess what the missing phrase could be. Remember: + = positive verb and - = negative verb.

8 Nursing is a very rewarding job that involves _______________ a team. +

9 Lucy seems _______________ Dan a lot recently. Do you think they're going out together? +

10 We hope _______________ a new flat by the end of the year. +

11 Our plan is _______________ Las Vegas and then hire a car. +

12 There's absolutely _______________ in this town. There isn't even a cinema. -

13 My father was the first person in my family _______________ university. +

14 I really regret _______________ my grandfather. He died before I was born. -

b B has the complete sentences 1-7. Read your sentences to B. Keep trying different possibilities until you get each sentence exactly right.

c Now listen to B's sentences 8-14. Tell him / her to keep guessing until he / she gets it exactly the same as yours.

8 Nursing is a very rewarding job that involves working in a team.

9 Lucy seems to be seeing Dan a lot recently. Do you think they're going out together?

10 We hope to have found a new flat by the end of the year.

11 Our plan is to fly to Las Vegas and then hire a car.

12 There's absolutely nothing to do in this town. There isn't even a cinema.

13 My father was the first person in my family to go to university.

14 I really regret not having known my grandfather. He died before I was born.

b Listen to A's sentences 1-7. Tell him / her to keep guessing until he / she gets it exactly the same as yours.

1 I would love to have seen your face when the doctor told you to join a gym.

2 There's no point inviting him. He never goes to parties.

3 It's no good asking her to lend you some money. She's completely broke.

4 We'd rather not have gone on holiday in August, but we had to because of school holidays.

5 I don't like being told what to do. I prefer to decide for myself.

6 The pool wasn't warm enough for us to go swimming.

7 I really hate not being told the truth.

c A has the complete sentences 8-14. Read your sentences to A. Keep trying different possibilities until you get each sentence exactly right.

4a. Дополните предложения, используя правильную форму глагола в скобках. Затем скажите, верны ли эти утверждения для вас.

Ответ:

1 I'm really bad at remembering taking medicine. - Yes, it's true for me. I often forget to take vitamins.

Я очень плохо запоминаю, что нужно принять лекарства. - Да, это правда. Я часто забываю принять витамины.

2 I have never enjoyed going to the dentist's. - Yes, it's true for me. I think nobody enjoys it.

Мне никогда не нравилось ходить к стоматологу. - Да, это правда. Думаю, это никому не нравится.

3 My parents never used to make me put on suncream when I was a child. - No, that's not true for me. My parents always made me use it.

Мои родители никогда не заставляли меня наносить солнцезащитный крем, когда я был ребенком. - Нет, это неправда. Мои родители всегда заставляли меня им пользоваться.

4b. Запишите глаголы или глагольные фразы в правильную колонку.

Ответ:

4c. Прослушайте и проверьте.

Ответ:

Для ответа на вопрос недостаточно данных.

GRAMMAR BANK 8A

a. Дополните предложения, используя правильную форму герундия или инфинитива глагола в скобках.

Ответ:

1 I was really stupid to follow my friend's advice. She was totally wrong.

Я был очень глуп, что последовал совету друга. Она была совершенно неправа.

2 I'd love to have seen your face when you told him you were leaving.

Я бы хотел видеть твое лицо, когда ты сказал ему, что уходишь.

3 If I had a serious illness, I would prefer to be told the truth by my doctor.

Если бы у меня была серьезная болезнь, я бы предпочел, чтобы мой доктор сказал мне правду.

4 It's no use running. We're already late.

Бесполезно бежать. Мы уже опоздали.

5 I'm not sure who to ask for help.

Я не знаю, кого попросить о помощи.

6 By the time I'm 55, I expect to have saved enough to be able to just work part-time.

К 55 годам я рассчитываю накопить достаточно, чтобы работать неполный рабочий день.

7 The burglar denied taking the jewellery.

Вор отрицал, что взял драгоценности.

8 There will be plenty of time to have something to eat at the airport.

Будет много времени, чтобы перекусить в аэропорту.

9 It's no good calling him because he's bound to have switched his phone off.

Бесполезно звонить ему, потому что он наверняка выключил телефон.

10 Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize?

Кто был первой женщиной, получившей Нобелевскую премию?

b. Дополните предложения, используя выделенное жирным шрифтом слово.

Ответ:

1 We haven't got enough time to do any more shopping.

У нас недостаточно времени, чтобы продолжать ходить по магазинам.

2 I hate being woken up suddenly.

Я ненавижу, когда меня внезапно будят.

3 Do you regret not studying harder at school?

Ты жалеешь, что не учился усерднее в школе?

4 I love it when people help me in the kitchen without being asked.

Мне нравится, когда люди помогают мне на кухне без просьбы.

5 I would love to have gone to your birthday party.

Я бы с удовольствием пошел на твой день рождения.

6 The children seem to be having a good time, don't you think?

Дети, кажется, хорошо проводят время, не так ли?

7 My hope is to have the operation as soon as possible.

Моя надежда — сделать операцию как можно скорее.

8A GUESS THE SENTENCE Student A

a. Посмотрите на предложения 1–7 и угадайте, какой может быть недостающая фраза. Помните: [+] = утвердительная форма глагола и [-] = отрицательная форма глагола.

Ответ:

1 I would love to have seen your face when the doctor told you to join a gym.

Я бы хотел видеть твое лицо, когда врач сказал тебе записаться в спортзал.

2 There's no point inviting him. He never goes to parties.

Нет смысла его приглашать. Он никогда не ходит на вечеринки.

3 It's no good asking her to lend you some money. She's completely broke.

Бесполезно просить ее одолжить тебе денег. Она на мели.

4 We'd rather not have gone on holiday in August, but we had to because of school holidays.

Мы бы предпочли не ехать в отпуск в августе, но пришлось из-за школьных каникул.

5 I don't like being told what to do. I prefer to decide for myself.

Мне не нравится, когда мне говорят, что делать. Я предпочитаю решать сам.

6 The pool wasn't warm enough for us to go swimming.

Бассейн был недостаточно теплым, чтобы мы могли плавать.

7 I really hate not being told the truth.

Я очень не люблю, когда мне не говорят правду.

8A GUESS THE SENTENCE Student B

a. Посмотрите на предложения 8–14 и угадайте, какой может быть недостающая фраза. Помните: [+] = утвердительная форма глагола и [-] = отрицательная форма глагола.

Ответ:

8 Nursing is a very rewarding job that involves working in a team.

Работа медсестры — это очень благодарная работа, которая включает в себя работу в команде.

9 Lucy seems to be seeing Dan a lot recently. Do you think they're going out together?

Люси, кажется, в последнее время часто видится с Дэном. Как думаешь, они встречаются?

10 We hope to have found a new flat by the end of the year.

Мы надеемся найти новую квартиру к концу года.

11 Our plan is to fly to Las Vegas and then hire a car.

Наш план — полететь в Лас-Вегас, а затем арендовать машину.

12 There's absolutely nothing to do in this town. There isn't even a cinema.

В этом городе абсолютно нечего делать. Здесь даже нет кинотеатра.

13 My father was the first person in my family to go to university.

Мой отец был первым в нашей семье, кто поступил в университет.

14 I really regret not having known my grandfather. He died before I was born.

Я очень жалею, что не знал своего дедушку. Он умер до моего рождения.