Номер 4, страница 119 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс (starlight) учебник Баранова, Дули

4 ICT Find information about the ways other wildlife communicates, e.g. whales, elephants. Present your information to the class.

Check these words

affection, hive, tail-wagging, invade, caterpillar, wasp, fungi, gland, release chemicals, signal, alarm, military campaign, enemy, pile of crumbs, antennae, pass on, sac, nervous system, pattern, texture, prey, predator

4 ICT Find information about the ways other wildlife communicates, e.g. whales, elephants. Present your information to the class.

Check these words

affection, hive, tail-wagging, invade, caterpillar, wasp, fungi, gland, release chemicals, signal, alarm, military campaign, enemy, pile of crumbs, antennae, pass on, sac, nervous system, pattern, texture, prey, predator

Nature speaks

Gorillas stick out their tongues to show anger, horses rub noses as a sign of affection and dogs stretch their front legs out in front of them and lower their bodies when they want to play. Wildlife may not literally 'speak', but communicate in some pretty amazing ways!

Bees: May I have this dance?

Bees make a series of dance-like movements to communicate the quality and location of food. If a food source is near the hive, a circular dance is performed. A 'tail-wagging' dance in a figure-of-eight movement indicates that it is more than 80 metres away.

Plants: Silent communicators

It might seem that all plants do is grow leaves and look pretty, but many types of trees and plants send out chemical signals in order to communicate with other trees and plants and even with animals. For example, when invaded by caterpillars, corn and cotton plants send chemical messages that attract the caterpillar's worst enemies, wasps. Various trees also send out warning signals to other trees when attacked by fungi and insects.

Ants: Masters of organisation

Imagine organising thousands of people without saying a word. Ants have up to 20 different chemicals in the many glands in their tiny bodies. Depending on which chemical they release, they can signal alarm, invite friends to eat or even organise a military campaign to attack an enemy. Also, if an ant finds a pile of crumbs, it rubs its antennae and front legs on its neighbour to pass on the good news. Ants may be small but they certainly have plenty to say!

Cuttlefish: Say it with your skin!

This sea animal has the world's best camouflage skills! Sacs of colour under its skin which are controlled by its nervous system allow it to change the colour, pattern, and even texture of its skin in seconds when it has something to say. A zebra pattern on a male cuttlefish, for example, warns other males to stay away. Cuttlefish put on an amazing display of colours and even lights to attract their prey or hide from predators. Whatever the message, the cuttlefish says it with quite a show.

Найди информацию о способах общения других диких животных, например, китов, слонов. Представь свою информацию классу.

Ответ:

4

Wildlife communicates in many amazing ways, not just by literal speech. Here's what I learned from the text:

Дикие животные общаются множеством удивительных способов, не только с помощью буквальной речи. Вот что я узнал из текста:

Gorillas, Horses, and Dogs:

Gorillas stick out their tongues to show anger. Horses rub noses as a sign of affection. Dogs stretch their front legs out and lower their bodies when they want to play.

Гориллы, лошади и собаки:

Гориллы высовывают языки, чтобы показать гнев. Лошади трутся носами в знак привязанности. Собаки вытягивают передние лапы и опускают тела, когда хотят играть.

Bees:

Bees use dance-like movements to communicate the quality and location of food. A circular dance means food is near the hive, while a 'tail-wagging' dance in a figure-of-eight movement indicates food is more than 80 metres away.

Пчелы:

Пчелы используют танцевальные движения, чтобы сообщить о качестве и местонахождении пищи. Круговой танец означает, что пища находится рядом с ульем, а «виляющий хвостом» танец в виде восьмерки указывает, что пища находится на расстоянии более 80 метров.

Plants:

Plants send out chemical signals to communicate with other plants and animals. For example, cotton plants send chemical messages to attract wasps, which are the caterpillar's worst enemies. Trees also send out warning signals to other trees when attacked by fungi and insects.

Растения:

Растения выделяют химические сигналы, чтобы общаться с другими растениями и животными. Например, хлопчатник посылает химические сообщения, привлекающие ос, которые являются злейшими врагами гусениц. Деревья также посылают предупреждающие сигналы другим деревьям при атаке грибков и насекомых.

Ants:

Ants use up to 20 different chemicals from glands in their tiny bodies. Depending on the chemical, they can signal alarm, invite friends to eat, or organize a military campaign to attack an enemy. They also rub their antennae and front legs on their neighbours to pass on news.

Муравьи:

Муравьи используют до 20 различных химических веществ из желез в своих крошечных телах. В зависимости от химического вещества они могут сигнализировать об опасности, приглашать друзей к еде или организовывать военную кампанию для атаки врага. Они также трутся усиками и передними лапами о своих соседей, чтобы передать новости.

Cuttlefish:

Cuttlefish use sacs of colour under their skin, controlled by their nervous system, to rapidly change the colour, pattern, and even texture of their skin. They can use a zebra pattern to warn other males to stay away, or display amazing colours and lights to attract prey or hide from predators.

Каракатицы:

Каракатицы используют мешочки с пигментом под кожей, контролируемые их нервной системой, чтобы быстро изменять цвет, узор и даже текстуру своей кожи. Они могут использовать узор «зебра», чтобы предупредить других самцов держаться подальше, или демонстрировать удивительные цвета и огни, чтобы привлекать добычу или прятаться от хищников.