Discuss, страница 131 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс рабочая тетрадь Комарова, Ларионова

Culture today. Culture today 7 - страница 131.

Условие.

Culture today

... the BIG DEBATE: Should recycling be obligatory?

Most people are aware of the importance of recycling. Some countries recycle a large percentage of their waste, but other countries recycle very little.

I think that recycling should be obligatory, then people would be more careful with what they throw away and there would be less rubbish. They should pay for their rubbish if they don't want to recycle.

I disagree. You can't oblige individuals to recycle. Some people don't have the time or space to sort their waste into separate bins. I only have space in my kitchen for one bin and recycling takes a lot of time.

Recycling world

In Switzerland everybody recycles. Throwing rubbish away costs money – they pay €1 for each rubbish bag they throw away, but recycling is free. There is a garden-waste collection every two weeks and a paper collection every month and there are bottle banks at every supermarket (the Swiss recycle 80% of plastic bottles!). Other recycled materials include metal, batteries and used oil.

Denmark is one of the greenest countries in Europe. It is not surprising that they were one of the first countries to develop recycling programmes. Nearly 10000 Danes work in the recycling industry – more than 0.1% of the population. The Danish government collects waste from homes and has telephone helplines for people to call and arrange collections. Denmark recycles 31% of household waste. They send metal, batteries and electronic waste to other countries for recycling.

German families have at least five types of rubbish bins: for packets and cartons, paper and cardboard, glass, left-over food and other rubbish. Bins are colour-coded. In Germany the law obliges you to deposit used batteries in specific bins. Around 90% of Germans sort their rubbish.

Greek people do not normally sort their rubbish – they throw away three billion plastic bottles every year – 20% of Greece’s waste is plastic, but they only recycle 1% of this.

Решение.

Решение 2.

Должна ли переработка отходов быть обязательной?

Ответ:

The question of whether recycling should be obligatory has different views. Some people believe it should be obligatory because it would make people more careful with their waste, lead to less rubbish, and those who don't recycle could pay a fee.

Others disagree, arguing that you can't oblige everyone, as some people may not have the time or space to sort their waste into separate bins. They also mention that recycling can take a lot of time.

Based on the examples in the text, countries with strong systems and incentives have higher recycling rates. In Switzerland, everyone recycles, partly because throwing away rubbish costs money while recycling is free. Germany has a very high sorting rate (around 90%) and even obliges people by law to deposit used batteries in specific bins. Denmark also has successful recycling programs with government support. In contrast, Greece, where people don't normally sort their rubbish, has a very low plastic recycling rate (only 1% of the 20% plastic waste).

This suggests that making recycling obligatory, or at least implementing strong systems and incentives, can be very effective in increasing recycling rates.

***

Вопрос о том, должна ли переработка отходов быть обязательной, имеет разные мнения. Некоторые люди считают, что она должна быть обязательной, потому что это заставит людей быть более осторожными со своими отходами, приведет к меньшему количеству мусора, а те, кто не перерабатывает, могли бы платить сбор.

Другие не согласны, утверждая, что нельзя обязывать всех, так как у некоторых людей может не быть времени или места для сортировки отходов в отдельные контейнеры. Они также упоминают, что переработка может занимать много времени.

Согласно примерам в тексте, страны с сильными системами и стимулами имеют более высокие показатели переработки отходов. В Швейцарии все перерабатывают, отчасти потому, что выбрасывание мусора стоит денег, в то время как переработка бесплатна. В Германии очень высокий показатель сортировки (около 90%) и даже обязывают людей по закону сдавать использованные батарейки в специальные контейнеры. Дания также имеет успешные программы переработки при поддержке правительства. Напротив, Греция, где люди обычно не сортируют свой мусор, имеет очень низкий показатель переработки пластика (всего 1% от 20% пластиковых отходов).

Это говорит о том, что сделать переработку обязательной или, по крайней мере, внедрить сильные системы и стимулы, может быть очень эффективным для увеличения показателей переработки отходов.