Номер 5, страница 37 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс (spotlight) тренировочные упражнения в формате огэ (гиа) Ваулина, Подоляко

5. a) Read the text and match the titles to the paragraphs. One title is extra.

1. THE GREAT ARTIST AND INVENTOR

2. THE DREAM TO FLY

3. A DISASTROUS RESULT

4. YEARS OF LEARNING

5. THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL FLIGHT

6. FIRST PASSENGERS IN THE AIR

The Invention of the Airplane

A. The inventors of the first airplane were Orville and Wilbur Wright. On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers made the first successful experiment in which a machine carrying a man rose by its own power and flew naturally and at even speed, then landed without damage. Before the first airplane was invented by the Wright Brothers, inventors made numerous attempts to make things like birds and fly. These early inventions included kites, hot air balloons, airships, gliders, and other devices.

B. The Chinese invented the kite that could fly in the air. That made people think about flying. Kites were used by the Chinese in religious ceremonies. Some kites were used to test weather conditions. For many centuries, humans had tried to fly just like birds and had studied the flight of birds. Wings made of feathers or light wood were attached to arms to test their ability to fly. The results were often disastrous as the muscles of the human arms are not like birds’ and cannot move with the strength of a bird.

C. Leonardo da Vinci made the first real studies of flight in the 1480’s. He had over 100 drawings that illustrated his theories on bird and mechanical flight. The drawings illustrated the wings and tails of birds, ideas for man carrying machines, and devices for testing wings. It was only a design that Leonardo da Vinci created to show how man could fly. The modern helicopter is based on this concept.

D. The brothers, Joseph Michel and Jacques Etienne Montgolfier, were inventors of the first hot air balloon. They used the smoke from a fire to blow hot air into a silk bag. The silk bag was attached to a basket. The hot air then rose and allowed the balloon to be lighter-than-air. In 1783, the first passengers in the colorful balloon were a sheep, rooster and duck. It climbed to a height of about 6,000 feet and travelled more than one mile. After this first success, the brothers began to send men up in hot air balloons.

E. Orville and Wilbur Wright were very persistent (настойчивый) in their desire for flight. First, they spent many years learning about all the early developments of flight. The early engine that they used generated almost 12 horsepower.

The “Flyer” lifted from level ground to the north of Big Kill Devil Hill, at 10:35 a.m., on December 17, 1903. Orville piloted the plane which weighed six hundred and five pounds (275 kilograms). Humankind was now able to fly!

b) Read the text again and mark the statements True (T), False (F), Not Stated (NS).

5. a) Read the text and match the statements to the paragraphs. One statement is extra. Complete the table below.

1. Studying the history of earlier flying machines helped to build the first airplane.

2. The inventors travelled to different countries to get useful materials and information for their project.

3. The animals were used by the inventors to test their new flying apparatus.

4. The genius's 15th century drawings were used in modern flying machine construction.

5. China was the birthplace of kites.

6. The Wright Brothers were the first to succeed in making a manned aircraft.

The Invention of the Airplane

A. The inventors of the first airplane were Orville and Wilbur Wright. On December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers made the first successful experiment in which a machine carrying a man rose by its own power and flew naturally and at even speed, then landed without damage. Before the first airplane was invented by the Wright Brothers, inventors made numerous attempts to make things like birds and fly. These early inventions included kites, hot air balloons, airships, gliders, and other devices.

B. The Chinese invented the kite that could fly in the air. That made people think about flying. Kites were used by the Chinese in religious ceremonies. Some kites were used to test weather conditions. For many centuries, humans had tried to fly just like birds and had studied the flight of birds. Wings made of feathers or light wood were attached to arms to test their ability to fly. The results were often disastrous as the muscles of the human arms are not like birds' and cannot move with the strength of a bird.

C. Leonardo da Vinci made the first real studies of flight in the 1480's. He had over 100 drawings that illustrated his theories on bird and mechanical flight. The drawings illustrated the wings and tails of birds, ideas for man carrying machines, and devices for testing wings. It was only a design that Leonardo da Vinci created to show how man could fly. The modern helicopter is based on this concept.

D. The brothers, Joseph Michel and Jacques Etienne Montgolfier, were inventors of the first hot air balloon. They used the smoke from a fire to blow hot air into a silk bag. The silk bag was attached to a basket. The hot air then rose and allowed the balloon to be lighter-than-air. In 1783, the first passengers in the colorful balloon were a sheep, rooster and duck. It climbed to a height of about 6,000 feet and travelled more than one mile. After this first success, the brothers began to send men up in hot air balloons.

E. Orville and Wilbur Wright were very persistent (настойчивый) in their desire for flight. First, they spent many years learning about all the early developments of flight. The early engine that they used generated almost 12 horsepower.

The "Flyer" lifted from level ground to the north of Big Kill Devil Hill, at 10:35 am, on December 17, 1903. Orville piloted the plane which weighed six hundred and five pounds (275 kilograms). Humankind was now able to fly!

b) Read the text again and mark the statements True (T), False (F), Not Stated (NS).

1. The inventors of the airplane made the first flight themselves.

2. Before their invention people could fly on a kite.

3. The Chinese invented kites first of all for fun.

4. When people began to use feathers for wings they could really fly.

5. Leonardo da Vinci was the first to invent the plane.

6. Leonardo da Vinci’s experiment to fly was successful.

7. The invention of the hot air balloon realised people's dream to fly.

8. The talented Wright brothers didn't need any special literature to make their first plane.

Ответьте на вопрос, представленный на изображении.

Ответ:

5. a) Read the text and match the statements to the paragraphs. One statement is extra. Complete the table below.

Перевод: Прочитайте текст и соотнесите утверждения с абзацами. Одно утверждение является лишним. Заполните таблицу ниже.

5. b) Read the text again and mark the statements True (T), False (F), Not Stated (NS).

Перевод: Прочитайте текст еще раз и отметьте утверждения как Истинные (T), Ложные (F) или Не указанные (NS).

Ответ:

1. The inventors of the airplane made the first flight themselves. - T

Перевод: Изобретатели самолета совершили первый полет сами. - T

2. Before their invention people could fly on a kite. - F

Перевод: До их изобретения люди могли летать на воздушном змее. - F

3. The Chinese invented kites first of all for fun. - F

Перевод: Китайцы изобрели воздушных змеев прежде всего для развлечения. - F

4. When people began to use feathers for wings they could really fly. - F

Перевод: Когда люди начали использовать перья для крыльев, они действительно могли летать. - F

5. Leonardo da Vinci was the first to invent the plane. - F

Перевод: Леонардо да Винчи был первым, кто изобрел самолет. - F

6. Leonardo da Vinci's experiment to fly was successful. - F

Перевод: Эксперимент Леонардо да Винчи по полету был успешным. - F

7. The invention of the hot air balloon realised people's dream to fly. - T

Перевод: Изобретение воздушного шара осуществило мечту людей летать. - T

8. The talented Wright brothers didn't need any special literature to make their first plane. - F

Перевод: Талантливым братьям Райт не понадобилась никакая специальная литература для создания своего первого самолета. - F