Номер 1, страница 99 - гдз по английскому языку 9 класс (starlight) учебник Баранова, Дули

Module 5. Breakthroughs. 5h Curricular: Science - номер 1, страница 99.

Условие 2019-2022.

К этому заданию есть аудио

1 Look at the picture and the title of the text. What do you think the text is about?

Listen, read and check.

One two

Brain or

A The human brain is the most complex object in the known universe. It packs 100 billion neurons into just 3Ibs (1.4kg) of what looks like grey jelly. It not only controls your other organs, regulates pleasure and pain, hunger and thirst, blood pressure and body temperature, but it also determines your personal identity through thoughts, memories and emotions. Although the brain is often compared to a computer’s central-processing-unit, it’s quite different, and thinking of it in this way can lead to many misunderstandings.

B If you take a look at a human brain, you will see immediately that it’s separated into two halves, or hemispheres. Over the last 100 years, scientists have come to realise that each side performs specific tasks. They also discovered that the left hemisphere controls the right side of your body, and vice versa. The two hemispheres are connected by a bundle of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum.

C Much of what we know about the two-sided brain comes from research by a neuroscientist called Michael Gazzaniga. He studied people in hospitals with damage to the corpus callosum. Because the sides of their brains were not communicating well, there were some strange effects. Words, pictures and memories got mixed up or lost. With careful experimentation, Gazzaniga was able to show how the brain divided everyday tasks between its hemispheres.

D Unfortunately, these discoveries have given rise to myths about the brain. According to some business consultants and self-help ‘experts’, the right part of the brain controls creativity and

general thinking. The left deals with analysis and numbers. People have been encouraged to think of themselves as “left-brained” or “right-brained”. Real scientists say this is nonsense, but many lifestyle websites and even educational text-books still promote the idea.

E The danger comes when people identify as one ‘type’, and close themselves off from educational or employment opportunities. For instance, parents may decide their child is “left-brained” or “right-brained”, and organise schooling on that basis. In fact, both hemispheres of the brain work together on all tasks. Furthermore, it’s generally agreed that good scientists should think imaginatively, while successful artists need technical skills and attention to detail.

F This isn’t the only mistake we make when we think of the brain as a computer with distinct components. Another difference is that the brain is ‘plastic’, meaning it can adapt and change. People with serious head injuries have made amazing recoveries, with their brains reshaping and some parts taking over the jobs formerly done by others. No machine can repair itself in the same way.

G Few people understand the human brain better than neurologist Professor V.S. Ramachandran, who says: “An ape can reach for a banana, but we can reach for the stars.” Not only is the brain amazingly capable, it is also a surprisingly tough and reliable organ. It is a profound mystery, and when we try to simplify this miracle of creation to the level of a computer chip, we disrespect it – and our own potential.

Условие 2023-2027.

К этому заданию есть аудио

1 Look at the picture and the title of the text. What do you think the text is about?

Listen, read and check.

Решение 2023-2027.