Номер 5, страница 138 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

Unit 3. In harmony with nature. Step 7 - номер 5, страница 138.

Условие.

5 A. Read the text and give it a title.

Everybody admits that nowadays the world faces a number of serious problems connected with the environment. Among the environmental problems threatening living things and humans the first place is probably taken by pollution.

One of its forms is air pollution. All burning produce smoke, soot2 and gases which may be harmful. Burning petrol3 also produces metal called lead. Lead is poisonous. You can breathe it in, you can take it in through food and water and it stays inside slowly poisoning you. Our power stations burn coal4 or oil5. Their burning carries them high into the sky. There they come together with water in the air and make acid rain, acid fog and acid snow, which fall onto the ground and poison rivers and lakes. Trees suffer from acid rain no less than water plants and animals. Millions of trees have died in Canada and northern Europe because of acid rain. The acid eats into the stone destroying buildings. Many of the world’s oldest and most beautiful buildings are in danger now.

Water pollution is as dangerous as air pollution. People dump too much waste into seas, lakes and rivers. As a result they cannot clean themselves. The sea washes the waste onto the beaches and coasts and pollutes them. The worst kind of sea pollution is an oil spill. Oil contains poisonous chemicals. If oil is spilt at sea, air can’t get to the plants and animals under the water and they die. So do waterbirds which get into oil spills.

Dumping industrial and domestic waste leads to soil pollution. Some of this waste may be radioactive and cause nuclear pollution, extremely dangerous to people and animals. Nuclear power stations producing electricity are supposed to be “environmentally friendly”. But if something happens to such a station or something goes wrong there, it begins to pollute vast areas and the result is usually terrible. Such accidents happened in Britain, the USA, Japan and Chernobyl, Ukraine. Used nuclear fuel6 is very toxic ['toksik]. People tend to keep it under water or bury it deep under the ground in special containers. But we should remember that radioactive waste remains radioactive and dangerous for thousands of years.

One more problem that is being widely discussed is global warming, or greenhouse effect. The gases and soot in the atmosphere make a kind of “screen” which doesn’t allow heat1 get back into space. There is a danger that the temperature can rise by some degrees in the near future. Climatic changes may do a lot of harm to our planet and those who populate it.

The list of environmental problems also includes growth of population, shortage of food and fresh water in some parts of the world, destruction of wildlife and many others. A lot of them are man-made. Time has come for us to learn to live in harmony with nature and save our planet.

B. Choose the appropriate answers to these questions.

1) What is evident about pollution?

a) Pollution is more dangerous for people than other living things.

b) Air pollution is more poisonous than water pollution.

c) Pollution is no more dangerous than other environmental problems.

d) Numerous environmental problems may be less serious than pollution.

2) Why is air pollution dangerous?

a) Because trees suffer from coal and oil.

b) Because winds carry gases into the sky.

c) Because among other things it leads to acid rains.

d) Because power stations burn coal.

3) How do acid rain, acid fog and acid snow influence living things?

a) They can destroy and kill them.

b) They make living things less attractive.

c) They destroy buildings made of stone.

d) They destroy countries’ historic heritage.

4) Why can’t seas, lakes and rivers clean themselves?

a) Because it’s too hard to destroy oil spills.

b) Because waste is more than they can manage to clean.

c) Because there are poisonous chemicals in domestic and industrial waste.

d) Because air is not able to get under the water.

5) Which of the following is not a source of nuclear pollution?

a) Used nuclear fuel.

b) Nuclear power stations.

c) Industrial and domestic waste.

d) Power stations.

6) What can global warming lead to?

a) It can lead to air pollution.

b) It can lead to water pollution.

c) It can result in climatic changes.

d) It can produce the green house effect.

7) What causes serious environmental problems?

a) Air, water and soil pollution.

b) Shortage of food and fresh water.

c) Certain types of human activity.

d) The growing population of the Earth.

Решение.

Решение 2.

B. Выберите подходящие ответы на эти вопросы.

1) Что очевидно в отношении загрязнения?

Ответ:

d) Numerous environmental problems may be less serious than pollution. / d) Многочисленные экологические проблемы могут быть менее серьезными, чем загрязнение.

2) Почему загрязнение воздуха опасно?

Ответ:

c) Because among other things it leads to acid rains. / c) Потому что, среди прочего, оно приводит к кислотным дождям.

3) Как кислотный дождь, кислотный туман и кислотный снег влияют на живые организмы?

Ответ:

a) They can destroy and kill them. / a) Они могут разрушать и убивать их.

4) Почему моря, озера и реки не могут очищаться сами?

Ответ:

b) Because waste is more than they can manage to clean. / b) Потому что отходов больше, чем они могут очистить.

5) Что из перечисленного не является источником ядерного загрязнения?

Ответ:

d) Power stations. / d) Электростанции (общего типа, работающие на ископаемом топливе).

6) К чему может привести глобальное потепление?

Ответ:

c) It can result in climatic changes. / c) Оно может привести к климатическим изменениям.

7) Что вызывает серьезные экологические проблемы?

Ответ:

c) Certain types of human activity. / c) Определенные виды человеческой деятельности.