Номер 14, страница 14 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс (starlight) сборник грамматических упражнений Мильруд

14. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate choice. Explain the difference.

1) Choose ____ keyboard carefully. It can lessen hands fatigue.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

2) An animal that preys on others is called ____ predator.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

3) There was ____ cloud on the left of the aircraft.
a) rather dangerous
b) rather a dangerously
c) rather dangerously
d) a rather dangerous

4) All I can say is that ____ lion is a very unusual pet.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

5) I would not recommend anyone to smoke ____ tobacco.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

6) The papers reported that ____ House of Commons voted for the resolution.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

7) The Senate has eventually passed ____ bill.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

8) However, ____ President did not approve of the initiative.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

9) I did not know that Hillary was ____ French.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

10) Finally they went to ____ movies.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

11) Ali’s wife, though he was Moslem, was ____ Catholic.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

12) Scientists know that ____ cheetah is the fastest animal.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

13) I love best ____ London Philharmonic Orchestra.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

14) They were going to visit Tommy in ____ hospital.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

15) Semi-skilled workers are more in demand than ____ computer experts.
a) a
b) the
c) —
d) a or the

14. Заполните пропуски подходящим вариантом. Объясните разницу.

Ответ:

1) Choose a keyboard carefully. It can lessen hands fatigue.

Перевод: Выбирайте клавиатуру тщательно. Это может уменьшить усталость рук.

Объяснение разницы: We use "a" because we are talking about any keyboard, offering general advice, not a specific, previously identified one. "A" refers to one of many, an indefinite item. "The" would imply a specific keyboard already known.

2) An animal that preys on others is called a predator.

Перевод: Животное, которое охотится на других, называется хищником.

Объяснение разницы: When defining a singular countable noun, we use the indefinite article "a" (or "an"). "A predator" is one example of such an animal. "The" would refer to a specific predator, and no article would be grammatically incorrect for a singular countable noun in this context.

3) There was a rather dangerous cloud on the left of the aircraft.

Перевод: Слева от самолета было довольно опасное облако.

Объяснение разницы: The correct structure for "rather" followed by an adjective and a singular countable noun is "a rather + adjective + noun". "Cloud" is a singular countable noun, requiring an article, and "dangerous" is an adjective describing it. Options with "dangerously" are incorrect as "dangerously" is an adverb.

4) All I can say is that a or the lion is a very unusual pet.

Перевод: Все, что я могу сказать, это то, что лев – очень необычный питомец.

Объяснение разницы: Both "a" and "the" can be used here to make a general statement about a species. "A lion" refers to any typical member of the species, while "the lion" refers to the species as a representative type. Both are grammatically acceptable for generalizations.

5) I would not recommend anyone to smoke — tobacco.

Перевод: Я бы никому не рекомендовал курить табак.

Объяснение разницы: "Tobacco" is an uncountable noun when referring to the substance in general. Uncountable nouns usually do not take "a/an", and generally do not take "the" when spoken about in a general sense. So, no article is needed.

6) The papers reported that the House of Commons voted for the resolution.

Перевод: Газеты сообщили, что Палата общин проголосовала за резолюцию.

Объяснение разницы: "House of Commons" is a specific, unique legislative body, and names of such unique institutions typically take the definite article "the".

7) The Senate has eventually passed the bill.

Перевод: Сенат в конечном итоге принял законопроект.

Объяснение разницы: In this context, "the bill" refers to a specific piece of legislation that was being debated or worked on by the Senate, implying it is known to the speaker and listener. "A bill" would imply any bill, which is less likely given the context of "eventually passed".

8) However, the President did not approve of the initiative.

Перевод: Однако президент не одобрил инициативу.

Объяснение разницы: "President" here refers to the specific, unique head of state or government in a particular country, an office often referred to with the definite article "the".

9) I did not know that Hillary was — French.

Перевод: Я не знал, что Хиллари была француженкой.

Объяснение разницы: "French" is used here as an adjective to describe Hillary's nationality. When nationalities are used as adjectives, no article is generally used (e.g., "She is American", "He is British").

10) Finally they went to the movies.

Перевод: Наконец они пошли в кино.

Объяснение разницы: "Go to the movies" is a common idiom or fixed expression in English (especially American English) meaning "to go to the cinema". This idiom requires the definite article "the".

11) Ali's wife, though he was Moslem, was — Catholic.

Перевод: Жена Али, хотя он был мусульманином, была католичкой.

Объяснение разницы: "Catholic" is used here as an adjective to describe Ali's wife's religious affiliation. Similar to nationalities, when religions are used as adjectives, no article is typically used (e.g., "She is Christian", "He is Buddhist").

12) Scientists know that the cheetah is the fastest animal.

Перевод: Ученые знают, что гепард — самое быстрое животное.

Объяснение разницы: When making a general statement about a species, especially in combination with a superlative (like "the fastest"), "the" is often used to refer to the species as a whole, representing all its members.

13) I love best the London Philharmonic Orchestra.

Перевод: Больше всего я люблю Лондонский филармонический оркестр.

Объяснение разницы: "London Philharmonic Orchestra" is the specific and unique name of an organization. Proper nouns for specific institutions often take the definite article "the".

14) They were going to visit Tommy in — hospital.

Перевод: Они собирались навестить Томми в больнице.

Объяснение разницы: In British English, when someone is "in hospital" as a patient receiving medical care, no article is used. This emphasizes the purpose or function rather than the specific building. In American English, "in the hospital" is used.

15) Semi-skilled workers are more in demand than — computer experts.

Перевод: Полуквалифицированные рабочие пользуются большим спросом, чем компьютерные специалисты.

Объяснение разницы: "Computer experts" is a plural countable noun used here in a general sense to refer to the entire group or category. When referring to plural nouns generally, no article is typically used.