номер 8, страница 14 - гдз по английскому языку 11 класс рабочая тетрадь Вербицкая, Фрикер

Track Two.

Interviewer: What is intelligence? What is genius?

Interviewer: Is a footballer who failed all his school exams, but can calculate exactly the power and angle needed to find the corner of the net, intelligent or not? What about the rock star who can manipulate ten thousand people at a concert but can't sign his name? And what about Mozart, the genius composer who was so hopeless at managing his finances that he spent most of his life running away from creditors?

Interviewer: My guest today, Professor Crabtree of Durham University, has agreed to talk to us today about his nine aspects of intelligent problem-solving theory.

Interviewer: And Professor, I believe the idea is that if we want to consider ourselves intelligent, we have to show all nine of these. Is that right?

Professor: That's correct. I'm not talking about genius or ability here, but intelligent behavior. I got the idea when marking student's work, and I realized that final marks did not always correspond to what you or I might traditionally call intelligence. It appears that some people approach tasks in such a way that they succeed more often, and that must be intelligent. So, first of all, the intelligent person must enjoy solving problems, enjoy the challenge. Of course, if they are truly intelligent, they will ask others for help. The person who spends five hours working out how to get from A to B cannot be considered particularly clever if they could have consulted a book or asked a friend who already knew the answer.

Professor: Point three is related to the last point. They must be able to listen. There's not much point asking if you don't listen or refuse to accept advice.

Professor: A similar point I'd like to make is that intelligent people draw on past knowledge. So, from these last four points, you can see the importance of getting as much outside help as possible. Of course, sometimes you will have to work alone, but get help where you can. No problem is so unique that you can't find some source to help you.

Professor: So, having looked at external sources, we now need to concentrate on our own abilities and skills. A lot of people who you might think of as being intelligent fail too often to be truly considered as such. They may lack one of the next three aspects of intelligence that I would like to mention.

Professor: These are flexibility, in other words, the ability to try more than one way to solve a problem. Persistence. The ability to continue if you don't succeed at the first attempt, and patience. Intelligent people don't hurry. They consider the problem from a number of angles before even starting to attempt to find a solution.

Interviewer: Wow, that's fascinating. But only seven points, I believe?

Professor: Yes, the last two are fairly obvious, I would think. An intelligent person needs to be creative, a risk-taker. You can't be afraid of criticism because that will stop you trying something new, and criticism also brings new ideas, which takes us back to the idea of listening to others. Finally, sometimes, when I'm sitting in an exam hall, I see students sitting there staring into space, and then, when I mark their essays, I find stupid mistakes. It makes me want to scream. I don't care how clever they are, they aren't very intelligent at all. An intelligent person, having finished their work, always checks it.

Interviewer: Well, I'll certainly remember all these points when I next have a problem to solve. Thank you very much, Professor.

Professor: Not at all.

Interviewer: In the second part of our program today, we'll be looking...