Номер 52, страница 225 - гдз по английскому языку 9 класс учебник Афанасьева, Михеева

Speaking. Unit 4. Family matters - номер 52, страница 225.

Условие.

52. Victorian marriages "were permanent". What in your view were the reasons for it? Why don't about half of modern marriages last?

Topical Vocabulary: Family Matters

DISCUSSING THE TOPIC

As the popular saying goes, “blood is thicker than water”, which means that your relatives are closer to you than those who are not your family. Though this statement can be argued, your relations always play an important role in your life. Who are your kinsfolk ['kɪnzfɔk]?

relations by birth

• parents and sibs (siblings)

• grandparents and great-grandparents

• children and grandchildren

• aunts, uncles and cousins (first and second cousins)

• nieces and nephews

relations by marriage

• a husband or wife (spouse)

• in-laws: mother-in-law

father-in-law

son-in-law

daughter-in-law

brother-in-law

sister-in-law

• stepmother, stepfather, stepchildren, stepbrother, stepsister

There are very few people without kith or kin. Most of us have:

• ancestors (forefathers) and descendants (offspring)

• close and distant relatives

• somebody who is next of kin

• children by their first, second, etc. wives and husbands

Marriages are made in heaven but occur on earth. People:

• meet

• fall in love with each other (sometimes at first sight)

• date and court (somebody)

• propose and accept or reject the proposal

• get engaged and become fiancé [fɪˈɒnseɪ] and fiancée [fɪˈɒnseɪ]

• have a (church) wedding and become bride and bridegroom (groom)

• become newly married or newlyweds

Not all marriages are marriages of love (people don't always marry for love). We can also speak about:

• marriages of convenience

• arranged marriages

• marrying for money

Some couples:

• sign a marriage contract

• divorce and become an ex-husband and an ex-wife

• become a single parent (mother or father)

• get custody of a child or children

• pay alimony ['æliməni]

• remarry

• don't marry at all but just live together

When couples have their first-born child, they become parents and face an utterly new stage in their lives. Successful parents:

• raise their kids

• give their children plenty of love and patience

• avoid quarrels and keep their feelings under control

• do their best to develop their children's minds and give them a good education

• teach their children to be virtuous and decent to other people

• teach them good manners

• always find time to spend with their children, hear them out and discuss their problems

• develop a sense of responsibility in their children

• never forget to praise their children when they deserve it

On the other hand it is not advisable for adults:

• to make children feel low or ignored

• to give promises and not to keep them (break them)

• to lose their temper and shout at their kids

• to criticize their children too much and deprive them of self-respect and self-confidence

• to punish their children severely

• not to treat all the children in the family equally, have favourites

• not to give their children any freedom of choice or to give them too much freedom

• to spoil their children in every possible way

In their turn teenagers are old enough to realize that adults are not saints and may make mistakes and that the so-called generation gap should not necessarily spoil their relations. Good children:

• are prepared to compromise and meet their parents halfway

• render any possible help to their parents

• take part in all sorts of activities that can unite their families

• try and make the atmosphere in the house cheerful and friendly

• are genuinely interested in their parents' problems

• treat their parents and grandparents in the way they would like to be treated themselves

• are good friends to their brothers and sisters

Решение.

Решение 2.

52. Викторианские браки были «постоянными». Каковы, по вашему мнению, были причины этого? Почему около половины современных браков не длятся долго?

Ответ:

I think Victorian marriages were permanent for several main reasons. Firstly, there was immense social pressure and stigma associated with divorce. It was considered a disgrace, especially for a woman. Secondly, women were economically dependent on their husbands. They had few rights and job opportunities, so leaving a marriage often meant facing poverty. Also, religion played a huge role, and marriage was seen as a sacred vow for life. Finally, the legal process for getting a divorce was incredibly difficult and expensive.

Я думаю, что викторианские браки были постоянными по нескольким основным причинам. Во-первых, существовало огромное общественное давление и клеймо, связанное с разводом. Это считалось позором, особенно для женщины. Во-вторых, женщины были экономически зависимы от своих мужей. У них было мало прав и возможностей для работы, поэтому уход из брака часто означал столкновение с бедностью. Кроме того, религия играла огромную роль, и брак рассматривался как священный обет на всю жизнь. Наконец, юридическая процедура развода была невероятно сложной и дорогой.

As for modern marriages, I believe they often don't last because society has changed a lot. Women are now more financially independent and educated, so they don't have to stay in unhappy relationships. The social stigma of divorce has also greatly decreased. People today place a higher value on personal happiness and fulfillment, and if a marriage doesn't provide that, they are more willing to end it. Plus, getting a divorce is legally much simpler and more accessible now than it was in the past.

Что касается современных браков, я считаю, что они часто недолговечны, потому что общество сильно изменилось. Женщины сейчас более финансово независимы и образованны, поэтому им не нужно оставаться в несчастливых отношениях. Социальное клеймо развода также значительно уменьшилось. Сегодня люди придают большее значение личному счастью и самореализации, и если брак этого не обеспечивает, они более склонны его расторгнуть. К тому же, юридически развестись сейчас намного проще и доступнее, чем в прошлом.