Номер 3, страница 52 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс рабочая тетрадь Афанасьева, Михеева

Unit 3. In harmony with nature. II. Reading - номер 3, страница 52.

Условие.

3 Read the text and decide which of the facts (1—8) are not stated in it.

1. The earliest attempts to fix time.

2. The people who began to count day time and night time separately.

3. The place where the mechanical clock was invented.

4. The places where people began to use calendars first.

5. The starting point of some of the ancient calendars.

6. The reason why one more day is occasionally added to the solar year.

7. The fact that the Ancient Mayans calendar followed the solar system.

8. The reason why the Ancient Mayans calendar ended on 21 December, 2012.

Counting Time

The first people who used a system of counting time were the Sumerians who lived in Mesopotamia 5,000 years ago. Sixty was the basic number they worked with. They also used 60 as the basic number for longitude. This is why the map of the world is divided into 360 degrees. The seven-day week also started in Mesopotamia.

The Ancient Egyptians were the first people who divided the day into 24 parts. That was 5,500 years ago. They divided daylight and darkness into periods of 12 hours each. The length of each hour changed when the nights got longer and the days got shorter. About 50 years later, the Babylonians made all 24 hours the same length. Equal hours became common in Europe only 700 years ago — 100 years after the invention of the mechanical clock. People started using calendars thousands of years ago when scientists began studying the seasons and the movements of the Sun. But everyone did things differently. The Romans thought that time began when the city of Rome was built. The Ancient Greeks started their calendar when the first Olympic Games took place. The Muslim calendar started around the year 1400. So using this counting, the year 2010 is 1431.

Some calendars follow the solar year — the time it takes for the Earth to go round the Sun, which is 365.242 days. An extra day is sometimes added to make sure that the new year starts with a new moon.

The Ancient Mayans were fantastic scientists in astronomy and mathematics. They made a “universal” calendar — a calendar that ends on the 21st of December, 2012. Many people believed that the world would end on that day. But the truth is that the Mayans made a calendar of 2000 years and they needed a day to end it. They chose 21st of December 2012 because it was their new year.

Решение.

Решение 2.

Прочитайте текст и решите, какие из фактов (1–8) в нём не упоминаются.

Ответ:

The facts not stated in the text are 3, 4, and 7. / Факты, которые не упоминаются в тексте: 3, 4 и 7.