Номер 5, страница 54 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс рабочая тетрадь Афанасьева, Михеева

Unit 3. In harmony with nature. II. Reading - номер 5, страница 54.

Условие.

5 Read the text and complete the statements after it.

Urgent Problems of Our Time

Air is a mixture of gases, water vapour and dust particles. Air is part of the atmosphere. The atmosphere is the 10 km thick layer of gases that surrounds the earth. In a day a person breathes in about 5,000 litres of air. Nowadays the problem of clean air has really become urgent. Roughly 30 percent of all asthma cases occur in children, especially those who live in cities. Asthma is also more common in poor urban areas and suburbs located near industries. The number of asthma patients have increased in recent years. Scientists believe that exposure to cigarette smoke, vehicle exhaust fumes, smoke from coal fires, and living in poorly ventilated houses, all cause asthma. When people burn fossil fuels to produce energy, many other gases and substances are also produced. These substances are passed into the air. They change the composition of the air by adding gases and solids to it. If large amounts of these substances enter the air, the air becomes polluted, which means it is not clean and may be harmful to people's health. Air pollution is a serious hazard in many cities across the world.

One of the effects of air pollution is global warming. Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of pollutants (substances harmful to the environment) into the atmosphere. Many of these pollutants are called greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases trap heat inside the earth's atmosphere, in the same way as glass traps heat inside a greenhouse. These gases collect in the upper atmosphere and prevent heat from escaping into space. This causes the temperature of the earth to rise. This process is called global warming. The two most serious effects of global warming are changes to the climate and a rise in sea levels. A warmer earth means that the weather patterns will change, so some places will become hotter and drier, while other places will become wetter. A warmer earth will cause the large areas of ice in the north and south poles to melt. This will release large amounts of water into the world's oceans. This could raise the sea level in some places by several metres. In December 1997, more than 10 nations met in Kyoto, Japan, to negotiate ways for developed nations to reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The outcome of the meeting was the Kyoto Protocol. This was an agreement in which the developed nations agreed to limit their greenhouse gas emissions, relative to the levels emitted in 1990. The United States only agreed to limit emissions starting in the period 2008 to 2012.

1. Air _______________ .

a) is the atmosphere

b) is the 10 km layer of gases that surrounds the atmosphere

c) includes gases, water vapour and dust particles

d) is space above the ground

2. It is a well-known fact that _______________ .

a) asthma is a disease of the 21 century

b) children suffer from asthma more often than grown-ups

c) many more people have become asthma patients lately

d) scientists have not discovered causes to get asthma

3. Burning fossil fuels _______________ .

a) pollutes the atmosphere

b) exhausts more fumes nowadays than before

c) produces oxygen

d) is more dangerous in cities

4. _______________ doesn't produce asthma.

a) Smoking cigarettes

b) Smoke from coal fires

c) Breathing about 5,000 litres of air daily

d) Having badly ventilated accommodations

5. Global warming _______________ .

a) has increased a number of pollutants

b) leads to climatic changes

c) releases a lot of heat into the atmosphere

d) prevents heat from escaping into space

6. Greenhouse gases _______________ .

a) are a lower part of the atmosphere

b) trap heat inside greenhouses

c) make the earth's temperature rise

d) are not pollutants

7. The Kyoto Protocol _______________ .

a) made all the countries reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

b) was not signed by the USA

c) was signed in 1997

d) made all developed countries limit their greenhouse gas emissions

Решение.

Решение 2.

Прочитайте текст и дополните предложения после него.

Ответ:

1. Air includes gases, water vapour and dust particles. / Воздух включает в себя газы, водяной пар и частицы пыли.

2. It is a well-known fact that many more people have become asthma patients lately. / Общеизвестный факт, что в последнее время гораздо больше людей стали болеть астмой.

3. Burning fossil fuels pollutes the atmosphere. / Сжигание ископаемого топлива загрязняет атмосферу.

4. Breathing about 5,000 litres of air daily doesn't produce asthma. / Ежедневное вдыхание около 5000 литров воздуха не вызывает астму.

5. Global warming leads to climatic changes. / Глобальное потепление ведет к климатическим изменениям.

6. Greenhouse gases make the earth's temperature rise. / Парниковые газы вызывают повышение температуры Земли.

7. The Kyoto Protocol was signed in 1997. / Киотский протокол был подписан в 1997 году.