номер 4, страница 37 - гдз по английскому языку 5-11 класс учебник Latham-Koenig, Oxenden

4 GRAMMAR adding emphasis (1): inversion

a Complete the extracts from book reviews 1-5 with endings A-E. How does the word order change when you put the adverbial expression (Not only..., Never..., etc.) at the beginning of the sentence?

1 Not only is this an entertaining book for children,...

2 Never have I read...

3 Not until the very last page...

4 No sooner had I finished this gripping novel...

5 Only when she leaves...

A did I guess who the murderer was.

B such a well-written novel by a first-time author.

C than I wanted to read it all over again.

D but parents will also find it intriguing.

E does he realize that he is in love with her.

b p.148 Grammar Bank 4A

4A

GRAMMAR BANK

adding emphasis (1): inversion

1 Not only is the plot great, (but) it's also very well written.
Not until you can behave like an adult will we treat you like an adult.
Never have I heard such a ridiculous argument.
Never again will I believe a word he says.
No sooner had the football match started than it began to snow heavily.

2 Not only did you forget to shut the window, (but) you also forgot to lock the door!
Not until you become a parent yourself do you understand what it really means.

3 The train began to move. Only then was I able to relax.
Only when you leave home do you realize how expensive everything is.
Hardly had I sat down when / before the meeting began.
Rarely have I met a more irritating person.

• In formal English, especially in writing, we sometimes change the normal word order to make the sentence more emphatic or dramatic.

1 This structure is common with negative adverbial expressions such as Not only..., Not until..., Never (again)..., and No sooner... (= a formal way of saying as soon as).

• When we use inversion after the above expressions, we change the order of the subject and (auxiliary) verb. NOT Not only the plot is great,...

Compare:
I have never heard such a ridiculous argument. (= normal word order)
Never have I heard such a ridiculous argument. (= inversion to make the sentence more emphatic)

2 In the present simple and past simple tense, rather than simply inverting the subject and verb, we use do / does / did + subject + main verb. NOT Not only forgot you to shut the window...

3 Inversion is also used after the expressions Only then..., Only when..., Hardly / Scarcely..., Rarely...

Overuse of inversion
Inversion should only be used occasionally for dramatic effect.
Overusing it will make your English sound unnatural.

Rewrite the sentences to make them more emphatic.

I had just started reading when all the lights went out.
No sooner had I started reading than all the lights went out.

1 I didn't realize my mistake until years later.
Not until ____________________________________________________________________

2 We had never seen such magnificent scenery.
Never ____________________________________________________________________

3 They not only disliked her, but they also hated her family.
Not only ____________________________________________________________________

4 We only understood what he had really suffered when we read his autobiography.
Only when ____________________________________________________________________

5 We had just started to eat when we heard someone knocking at the door.
Hardly ____________________________________________________________________

6 I have rarely read such a badly written novel.
Rarely ____________________________________________________________________

7 Until you've tried to write a novel yourself, you don't realize how hard it is.
Not until ____________________________________________________________________

8 The hotel room was depressing – it was cold as well.
Not only ____________________________________________________________________

9 We only light the fire when it is unusually cold.
Only when ____________________________________________________________________

10 Shortly after he had gone to sleep the phone rang.
No sooner ____________________________________________________________________

11 I only realized the full scale of the disaster when I watched the six o'clock news.
I watched the six o'clock news. Only then ___________________________________________

12 He has never regretted the decision he took on that day.
Never ____________________________________________________________________

13 I spoke to the manager and the problem was taken seriously.
Only when ____________________________________________________________________

14 He had scarcely had time to destroy the evidence before the police arrived.
Scarcely ____________________________________________________________________

15 He would never see his homeland again.
Never again ____________________________________________________________________

c Complete the sentences in your own words, using inversion to make them as dramatic as possible.

1 Only when we arrived at the airport...

2 No sooner...than I realized...

3 Never in all my life...

4 Not until it was too late...

5 Not only..., but...

Задание 4a: Дополните отрывки из рецензий на книги 1-5 окончаниями A-E. Как меняется порядок слов, когда вы ставите наречное выражение (Not only..., Never... и т.д.) в начало предложения?

Ответ:

1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C, 5-E.

When a negative or limiting adverbial expression is placed at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, the subject and the auxiliary verb are inverted. / Когда отрицательное или ограничительное наречное выражение ставится в начало предложения для усиления, подлежащее и вспомогательный глагол меняются местами (происходит инверсия).

Задание из Grammar Bank a: Перепишите предложения, чтобы сделать их более выразительными.

Ответ:

1. Not until years later did I realize my mistake. / Только спустя годы я осознал свою ошибку.

2. Never have we seen such magnificent scenery. / Никогда мы не видели такого великолепного пейзажа.

3. Not only did they dislike her, but they also hated her family. / Они не просто не любили её, но и ненавидели её семью.

4. Only when we read his autobiography did we understand what he had really suffered. / Только когда мы прочитали его автобиографию, мы поняли, как сильно он на самом деле страдал.

5. Hardly had we started to eat when we heard someone knocking at the door. / Едва мы начали есть, как услышали стук в дверь.

6. Rarely have I read such a badly written novel. / Редко я читал такой плохо написанный роман.

7. Not until you've tried to write a novel yourself do you realize how hard it is. / Пока сам не попробуешь написать роман, не поймёшь, как это тяжело.

8. Not only was the hotel room depressing, but it was cold as well. / Номер в отеле был не только удручающим, но ещё и холодным.

9. Only when it is unusually cold do we light the fire. / Мы разжигаем огонь, только когда необычно холодно.

10. No sooner had he gone to sleep than the phone rang. / Не успел он заснуть, как зазвонил телефон.

11. Only when I watched the six o'clock news did I realize the full scale of the disaster. / Только когда я посмотрел шестичасовые новости, я осознал весь масштаб катастрофы.

12. Never has he regretted the decision he took on that day. / Никогда он не жалел о решении, которое принял в тот день.

13. Only when I spoke to the manager was the problem taken seriously. / Только когда я поговорил с менеджером, проблему восприняли всерьёз.

14. Scarcely had he had time to destroy the evidence before the police arrived. / Едва ли у него хватило времени уничтожить улики до прибытия полиции.

15. Never again would he see his homeland. / Никогда больше он не увидит свою родину.

Задание из Grammar Bank c: Дополните предложения своими словами, используя инверсию, чтобы сделать их как можно более драматичными.

Ответ:

1. Only when we arrived at the airport did we realize the flight was delayed. / Только когда мы прибыли в аэропорт, мы поняли, что рейс задерживается.

2. No sooner had I sat down to do my homework than my friends called me to go outside. / Не успел я сесть делать домашнее задание, как друзья позвали меня на улицу.

3. Never in all my life have I seen such a beautiful sunset. / Никогда в жизни я не видел такого красивого заката.

4. Not until it was too late did I understand what she meant. / Только когда было слишком поздно, я понял, что она имела в виду.

5. Not only was the movie boring, but the popcorn was also stale. / Мало того, что фильм был скучным, так ещё и попкорн был несвежим.