номер 8, страница 39 - гдз по английскому языку 5-11 класс учебник Latham-Koenig, Oxenden

8 WRITING

p.120 Writing A review Analyse a book review, and write a review of a book or film.

Writing A review

KEY SUCCESS FACTORS

• summarizing main events in the plot in a concise way

• using a wide range of vocabulary to describe plot, characters, etc.

• expressing a reasonably sophisticated opinion

ANALYSING A MODEL TEXT

a Which of the following would normally influence you to read a book?

• a friend of yours recommended it

• it's a bestseller - everybody is reading it

• you saw and enjoyed a film based on it

• you were told to read it at school

• you read a good review of it

b Read the book review. In which paragraph, 1-4, do you find the following information? Write DS if the review doesn't say. Does the review make you want to read the book? Why (not)?

• the strong points of the book

• the basic outline of the plot

• what happens in the end

• where and when the story is set

• the weakness(es) of the book

• whether the reviewer recommends the book or not

• who the author is

• who the main characters are

• who the book is published by

• who the book will appeal to

c Look at these extracts from a first draft of the review. Which words in the bold phrases did the reviewer leave out or change to make it more concise? Then read the Participle clauses box to check.

1 A thriller which is set in the present day in a small town in Missouri, USA, it immediately became an international bestseller.

2 ...a couple, Nick and Amy Dunne, who are now living in Nick's hometown of Carthage...

3 Nick owns a bar, which was opened with his wife's money, which he runs with his sister Margo.

1 Gone Girl is the third novel by American writer Gillian Flynn. A thriller set in the present day in a small town in Missouri, USA, it immediately became an international bestseller.

2 The main characters in the novel are a couple, Nick and Amy Dunne, now living in Nick's hometown of Carthage after Nick lost his job as a journalist in New York City. Nick owns a bar, opened with his wife's money, which he runs with his sister Margo. On the day of his fifth wedding anniversary, Nick discovers that Amy is missing. For various reasons, he becomes a prime suspect in her disappearance. The first half of the book is told in the first person, alternately by Nick and then by Amy through extracts from her journal. The two stories are totally different: Nick describes Amy as stubborn and antisocial, whereas she makes him out to be aggressive and difficult. As a result, the reader is left guessing whether Nick is guilty or not. In the second half, however, the reader realizes that neither Nick nor Amy have been telling the truth in their account of the marriage. The resulting situation has unexpected consequences for Nick, Amy, and the reader.

3 The great strength of this book is how the characters of Nick and Amy are revealed. Despite having the typical devices common to thrillers, for example, several possible suspects and plenty of red herrings, the novel is also a psychological analysis of the effect of failure and unfulfilled dreams on someone's personality. My only criticism would be that the first half goes on too long and perhaps could have been slightly cut down.

4 Not only is this a complex and absolutely gripping novel, but it also tackles real problems in society, such as the unhappiness that is caused by economic difficulties, and the effect of the media on a crime investigation. For all lovers of psychological thrillers, Gone Girl is a must.

Glossary

red herring an unimportant fact, event, idea, etc. that takes people's attention from the important one

Participle clauses

The writer uses participles (set, living, opened) instead of a subject + verb. Past participles replace verbs in the passive, and present participles (-ing forms) replace verbs in the active. The subject of the clause is usually the same as the subject of the main clause.

Participle clauses can be used:

• instead of a conjunction (after, as, when, because, although, etc.) + subject + verb, e.g. Having run out of money... instead of Because she has run out of money...

• instead of a relative clause, e.g. set in the present day / opened with his wife's money instead of which is set... / which was opened...

When you use a participle clause, you do not need to link the next clause with and, e.g. It is set in 1903 and it tells the story of a young girl... → Set in 1903, it tells the story...

d Rewrite the sentences, making the highlighted phrases more concise by using participle clauses.

1 As she believes him to be the murderer, Anya is absolutely terrified.

2 Armelle, who was forced to marry a man she did not love, decided to throw herself into her work.

3 Simon, who realizes that the police are after him, tries to escape.

4 It was first published in 1903 and it has been reprinted many times.

5 When he hears the shot, Mark rushes into the house.

6 It is based on his wartime diaries and it tells the story of a young soldier.

USEFUL LANGUAGE

e Look at the highlighted adverbs. What effect do they have on the words that follow?

The two stories are totally different...

...and perhaps could have been slightly cut down.

f Cross out any adverbs that don't fit in these sentences. Tick (✔) if all are possible.

1 My only criticism is that the plot is somewhat / slightly / a little implausible.

2 The last chapter is really / very / absolutely fascinating.

3 The end of the novel is rather / pretty / quite disappointing.

4 The denouement is absolutely / incredibly / extremely thrilling.

PLANNING WHAT TO WRITE

a Think of a book or film that you have read or seen recently. Make a list of the main points about the characters and plot that you should cover in a review. Don't include a spoiler.

b Exchange your list with other students to see if they can identify the book or film.

TIPS for writing a book / film review:

• Choose a book or film that you know well.

• Organize the review into clear paragraphs.

• Use a suitable style, neither very formal nor very
  informal.

• Give your reader a brief idea of the plot, but do not give away the whole story. This is only part of your review, so choose only the main events and be as concise as possible.

• Use the present tense when you describe the plot. Using participle clauses will help to keep it concise.

• Use a range of adjectives that describe as precisely as possible how the book or film made you feel, e.g. gripping, moving, etc. (see p.37). Use adverbs of degree to modify them, e.g. absolutely gripping.

• Remember that an effective review will include both praise and criticism.

WRITING

A student magazine has asked for reviews of recent books and films. Write a review of between 220 and 260 words.

DRAFT your review.

• Paragraph 1: Include the title of the book or film, the genre, the author or director, and where / when it is set.

• Paragraph 2: Describe the plot, including information about the main characters.

• Paragraph 3: Talk about what you liked and any criticisms you may have.

• Paragraph 4: Give a summary of your opinion and a recommendation.

EDIT the review, making sure you've covered all the main points, checking paragraphing, cutting any irrelevant information, and making sure it's the right length.

CHECK the review for mistakes in grammar, spelling, punctuation, and register.

a. Что из нижеперечисленного обычно влияет на ваше решение прочитать книгу?

Ответ:

Usually, I would read a book if a friend of mine recommended it, or if I read a good review of it. I trust my friends' taste, and a good review can get me really interested in the story.

Обычно я читаю книгу, если ее порекомендовал друг, или если я прочитал на нее хороший обзор. Я доверяю вкусу своих друзей, а хороший обзор может меня по-настоящему заинтересовать сюжетом.

b. Прочитайте рецензию на книгу. В каком абзаце, 1–4, вы найдете следующую информацию? Напишите DS, если в рецензии этого не сказано. Возникает ли у вас после прочтения рецензии желание прочитать книгу? Почему (нет)?

Ответ:

Yes, the review makes me want to read the book because it sounds like a very gripping and complex psychological thriller. I like mysteries where you don't know who is telling the truth.

Да, рецензия вызывает у меня желание прочитать книгу, потому что она выглядит как очень захватывающий и сложный психологический триллер. Мне нравятся детективы, в которых не знаешь, кто говорит правду.

c. Посмотрите на эти отрывки из черновика рецензии. Какие слова в выделенных жирным шрифтом фразах рецензент убрал или изменил, чтобы сделать их более краткими?

Ответ:

1. In "which is set in the present day", the words "which is" were left out.

В "which is set in the present day" были убраны слова "which is".

2. In "who are now living in Nick's hometown", the words "who are" were left out.

В "who are now living in Nick's hometown" были убраны слова "who are".

3. In "which was opened with his wife's money", the words "which was" were left out.

В "which was opened with his wife's money" были убраны слова "which was".

d. Перепишите предложения, сделав выделенные фразы более краткими, используя причастные обороты.

Ответ:

1. Believing him to be the murderer, Anya is absolutely terrified.

Считая его убийцей, Аня в полном ужасе.

2. Forced to marry a man she did not love, Armelle decided to throw herself into her work.

Вынужденная выйти замуж за нелюбимого человека, Армель решила с головой уйти в работу.

3. Realizing that the police are after him, Simon tries to escape.

Понимая, что его преследует полиция, Саймон пытается сбежать.

4. First published in 1903, it has been reprinted many times.

Впервые опубликованная в 1903 году, она переиздавалась много раз.

5. Hearing the shot, Mark rushes into the house.

Услышав выстрел, Марк вбегает в дом.

6. Based on his wartime diaries, it tells the story of a young soldier.

Основанная на его военных дневниках, она рассказывает историю молодого солдата.

e. Посмотрите на выделенные наречия. Какой эффект они оказывают на следующие за ними слова?

Ответ:

They are adverbs of degree. They modify the words that follow by making them stronger or weaker. "Totally" intensifies the adjective "different", while "slightly" lessens the effect of the verb phrase "cut down".

Это наречия степени. Они изменяют следующие за ними слова, делая их сильнее или слабее. "Totally" (полностью) усиливает прилагательное "different" (разные), а "slightly" (слегка) ослабляет действие глагольной фразы "cut down" (сократить).

f. Вычеркните все наречия, которые не подходят в этих предложениях. Поставьте галочку (✓), если возможны все варианты.

Ответ:

1. My only criticism is that the plot is somewhat / slightly / a little implausible. ✓

Мое единственное замечание заключается в том, что сюжет несколько / слегка / немного неправдоподобен. ✓

2. The last chapter is really / very / absolutely fascinating.

Последняя глава действительно / очень / абсолютно увлекательна.

3. The end of the novel is rather / pretty / quite disappointing. ✓

Конец романа довольно / весьма / вполне разочаровывающий. ✓

4. The denouement is absolutely / incredibly / extremely thrilling. ✓

Развязка абсолютно / невероятно / чрезвычайно захватывающая. ✓

PLANNING WHAT TO WRITE

a. Подумайте о книге или фильме, которые вы недавно читали или смотрели. Составьте список основных моментов о персонажах и сюжете, которые следует осветить в рецензии. Не включайте спойлер.

Ответ:

Book: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

• Main character: Harry Potter, a young orphan who discovers he is a wizard.

• Other characters: His friends Ron and Hermione; the headmaster Dumbledore; the antagonist Voldemort.

• Setting: Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, a magical castle.

• Plot summary: Harry starts his first year at Hogwarts, makes friends, learns magic, and uncovers a dangerous secret about a hidden object within the school.

Книга: «Гарри Поттер и философский камень»

• Главный герой: Гарри Поттер, юный сирота, который обнаруживает, что он волшебник.

• Другие персонажи: Его друзья Рон и Гермиона; директор Дамблдор; антагонист Волан-де-Морт.

• Место действия: Школа Чародейства и Волшебства Хогвартс, волшебный замок.

• Краткое содержание сюжета: Гарри начинает свой первый год в Хогвартсе, заводит друзей, учится магии и раскрывает опасную тайну о спрятанном в школе предмете.

b. Обменяйтесь своим списком с другими студентами, чтобы узнать, смогут ли они определить книгу или фильм.

Ответ:

Для ответа на вопрос недостаточно данных.

WRITING

Студенческий журнал попросил написать рецензии на недавно вышедшие книги и фильмы. Напишите рецензию объемом от 220 до 260 слов.

Ответ:

Для ответа на вопрос недостаточно данных.