Infinitive, страница 169 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс (starlight) учебник Баранова, Дули

Grammar Practice Section. Module 2 - страница 169.

Условие.

Infinitive

The to-infinitive is used:

• to express purpose. He took the train to arrive early.

• after certain verbs (agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, plan, promise, refuse etc). They expect to start printing next week.

• after would like, would prefer, would love etc to express a specific preference. I would prefer to go to the theatre tonight.

• after adjectives which describe feelings/emotions (happy, sad, glad etc); express unwillingness/willingness (willing, eager, reluctant etc); refer to a person’s character (clever, kind etc) and the adjectives lucky and fortunate. I was very happy to hear that Jennifer and Darren got married.

  Note: With adjectives that refer to character we can also use an impersonal structure. It was kind of you to inform me about it.

• after too/enough. It is too cold to go swimming.

• to talk about an unexpected event, usually with only. I finally arrived home only to find that my house had been broken into.

• with it + be + adjective/noun. It wasn't easy to find a new accountant.

• after be + first/second/next/last etc. He was the last person to talk at the conference.

• after verbs and expressions such as ask, learn, explain, decide, find out, want, want to know etc, when they are followed by a question word. She explained how to use the vending machine.

  Note: why is followed by subject + verb, NOT an infinitive. I wonder why she didn't come to me with her problem.

• in the expressions to tell you the truth, to be honest, to sum up, to begin with etc. To tell you the truth, I didn't want anyone to find out.

  Note: If two to-infinitives are linked by and or or, the to of the second infinitive can be omitted. I would like to go and see the performance tonight.

Tenses of the Infinitive

Present: (to) read

Present Continuous: (to) be reading

Perfect: (to) have read

Perfect Continuous: (to) have been reading

• The Present Infinitive refers to the present or future: e.g. You are expected to work from 9.00 to 4.00 every weekday.

• The Present Continuous Infinitive expresses an action happening now: e.g. She seems to be working on the project at present.

• The Perfect Infinitive is used to show that the action of the infinitive happened before the action of the verb: e.g. She claims to have been to Austria twice.

• The Perfect Continuous Infinitive is used to emphasise the duration of the action of the infinitive, which happened before the action of the main verb: e.g. He seems to have been reading all night. His eyes are red.

The infinitive without to is used:

• after modal verbs. Beth can play the saxophone well.

• after the verbs let, make, see, hear and feel. They made him leave the building. BUT we use the to-infinitive after be made, be heard, be seen etc (passive form). He was made to leave the building.

  Note: When see, hear and watch are followed by an -ing form, there is no change in the passive. He saw me reading the email. I was seen reading the email.

• after had better and would rather. We had better take a taxi.

• help can be followed by either the to-infinitive or the infinitive without to. She helped me (to) solve the problem.

Решение 1.