Reported Orders, страница 166 - гдз по английскому языку 10 класс (starlight) учебник Баранова, Дули

Grammar Practice Section. Module 2 - страница 166.

Условие.

Reported Orders

To report orders in reported speech, we use the introductory verbs order or tell + sb + (not) to-infinitive.

“Stop!” (direct order)

He ordered them to stop. (reported order)

“Don’t run!” (direct order)

She told us not to run. (reported order)

Reported Commands – Requests – Suggestions etc

To report commands, requests, suggestions, instructions etc, we use a special introductory verb followed by a to-infinitive, an -ing form or that-clause, depending on the introductory verb.

Introductory verb	Direct speech	Reported speech
+ to-infinitive
agree	“Yes, I’ll lend you my MP3 player.”	He agreed to lend me his MP3 player.
*claim	“I’m working this weekend.”	He claimed to be working that weekend.
*demand	“I want to make a phone call now.”	He demanded to make a phone call then.
offer	“Would you like me to come with you?”	He offered to go with me.
*promise	“I promise I’ll tell you.”	He promised to tell me.
refuse	“No, I won’t take that.”	He refused to take that.
*threaten	“Stop arguing or I won’t let you go out to play in the afternoon.”	He threatened not to let us go out to play in the afternoon if we didn’t stop arguing.
+ sb + to-infinitive
advise	“You should try to lose weight.”	He advised me to try to lose weight.
allow	“You can go out.”	He allowed me to go out.
ask	“Please stop making noise.”	He asked me to stop making noise.
beg	“Please, please tell me.”	He begged me to tell him.
command	“Halt!”	He commanded them to halt.
encourage	“You should at least try it.”	He encouraged me to try it.
forbid	“You cannot smoke in the office.”	He forbade me to smoke in the office.
invite	“Will you come to the reunion?”	He invited me to go to the reunion.
order	“Come here!”	He ordered me to go there.
*remind	“Don’t forget to check everything before you leave.”	He reminded me to check everything before I left.
*warn	“Don’t swim on a full stomach.”	He warned me not to swim on a full stomach.
+ -ing form
accuse sb of	“She told everyone I am a liar.”	He accused her of telling everyone he was a liar.
*admit (to)	“Yes, I broke the window.”	He admitted to breaking/having broken the window.
apologise for	“I’m sorry I didn’t call you.”	He apologised for not calling her.
*boast about/of	“I’m an excellent guitar player.”	He boasted of/about being an excellent guitar player.
*complain (to sb) of/about	“I feel very exhausted.”	He complained (to me) of feeling very exhausted.
*deny	“I didn’t hit that boy!”	He denied hitting/having hit that boy.
*insist on	“I am going to take you to the zoo.”	He insisted on taking me to the zoo.
*suggest	“Why don’t we go on holiday?”	He suggested going on holiday.
+ that-clause
explain	“It is faster to go by plane.”	He explained that it was faster to go by plane.
inform sb	“You passed the test.”	He informed me that I had passed the test.

* The verbs marked with an asterisk can also be followed by a that-clause in Reported Speech. He claimed that he didn’t know about it.

• In conversation we use a mixture of statements, commands and questions. When we turn them into reported speech, we use and, as, adding that, and he/she added that, because, but, since etc. Words such as oh!, oh dear, well etc are omitted in reported speech.

Direct: “Oh! That’s a nice pair of jeans,” Ann said to me. “They suit you perfectly.”

Reported: Ann said that they were a nice pair of jeans and added that they suited me perfectly.

Modals in Reported Speech

• Modals change as follows: will/shall → would, can → could (present reference)/would be able to (future reference), may → might/could, shall → should (asking for advice)/would (asking for information)/offer (expressing offers), must → must/had to (obligation) (* 'must' remains the same when it expresses possibility or deduction), needn’t → didn’t need to/didn’t have to (present reference)/wouldn’t have to (future reference).

Решение 1.

Решение 3.

Как передавать приказы, команды, просьбы и предложения в косвенной речи, и как изменяются модальные глаголы?

Ответ:

To report orders, requests, suggestions, and commands, special introductory verbs are used, followed by a to-infinitive, an -ing form, or a that-clause. Modal verbs also change.

(Для передачи приказов, просьб, предложений и команд используются специальные вводные глаголы, за которыми следует инфинитив с частицей to, форма с окончанием -ing или придаточное предложение с that. Модальные глаголы также изменяются.)

1. Reported Orders (Приказы в косвенной речи)

Use the structure: order / tell + sb + (not) to-infinitive.

(Используйте структуру: order / tell + кто-либо + (не) инфинитив с частицей to.)

Example: "Don't run!" → She told us not to run.

(Пример: "Не беги!" → Она сказала нам не бежать.)

2. Introductory Verbs with Different Structures (Вводные глаголы с различными структурами)

Structure (Структура)	Verbs (Глаголы)
+ to-infinitive	agree, claim, demand, offer, promise, refuse, threaten (соглашаться, утверждать, требовать, предлагать, обещать, отказывать, угрожать)
+ sb + to-infinitive	advise, allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, forbid, invite, order, remind, warn (советовать, позволять, просить, умолять, приказывать, поощрять, запрещать, приглашать, приказывать, напоминать, предупреждать)
+ -ing form	accuse sb of, admit (to), apologise for, boast about/of, complain of/about, deny, insist on, suggest (обвинять кого-либо в, признавать, извиняться за, хвастаться, жаловаться на, отрицать, настаивать на, предлагать)
+ that-clause	explain, inform sb (объяснять, информировать кого-либо)

3. Modals in Reported Speech (Модальные глаголы в косвенной речи)

Modal verbs change as follows:

(Модальные глаголы изменяются следующим образом:)

will/shall → would

can → could (present reference) / would be able to (future reference)

(can → could (относится к настоящему) / would be able to (относится к будущему))

may → might/could

shall → should (asking for advice) / would (asking for information/offer)

(shall → should (просьба о совете) / would (запрос информации/предложение))

must → must/had to (obligation)

(must → must/had to (обязательство))

needn't → didn't need to/didn't have to (present reference) / wouldn't have to (future reference)

(needn't → didn't need to/didn't have to (относится к настоящему) / wouldn't have to (относится к будущему))